Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Aarhus | OTHER |
| Arla Foods | INDUSTRY |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The overall aim of this study is to investigate how dairy products with different structures and textures affect lipid absorption kinetics in the acute postprandial period via blood lipid biochemistry.
The study will be conducted as a randomized acute cross-over meal study. Apparently healthy men will be recruited in the study. They will on 4 test days consume the 4 dairy products and blood will be drawn the following 8 hours.
The overall aim of this study is to investigate how dairy products with similar nutrient content but different structures and textures affect lipid absorption kinetics in the acute postprandial period via blood lipid biochemistry, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS)-based metabolomics.
The study will be conducted as a randomized acute cross-over meal study. On four different test days (with a minimum of 2 weeks washout period) four dairy products with similar nutrient composition but different structures or textures will be tested. During each meal test a single dairy product (+ bread and water) is served and postprandial blood samples are collected the following 8 hours. Subjective appetite measurements (VAS) are filled in during the 8-hour period and an ad libitum meal is served in the end of the day.
25 apparently healthy men (weight stable, 18-40 years, 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) will be recruited.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| All subjects | Experimental | Cross-over study (all subjects receive all interventions)
|
|
| Healthy subjects only (subgroup) | Other | If any subjects (against our hypothesis) have indices of metabolic syndrome i.e. raised fasting glucose or TG concentration, secondary analyses will be conducted to assess results without these subjects. All subjects receive all interventions)
|
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cheddar cheese | Dietary Supplement | The reference product is a commercial matured cheddar cheese |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Triglyceride | The sample size is calculated on this endpoint. Fasting and postprandial concentrations of triglycerides (mmol/L) are measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| Apolipoprotein B48 | Co-primary endpoint. Fasting and postprandial concentrations of apolipoprotein B48 are measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cholesterol (total, LDL and HDL cholesterol) | Fasting and postprandial concentrations of cholesterol (mmol/L) are measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| Free Fatty Acid (FFA) | Fasting and postprandial concentrations of FFA (umol/L) are measured after intake of a test meal. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Paracetamol | Gastric emptying rate is evaluated by paracetamol (measured as fasting and postprandial concentrations after intake of a test meal). | 0-8 hour |
| Metabolomics | Detailed absorption kinetics will be evaluated by NMR-based metabolomics |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Anne B Raben, prof | University of Copenhagen | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports | Frederiksberg | 1958 | Denmark |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34477812 | Result | Kjolbaek L, Schmidt JM, Rouy E, Jensen KJ, Astrup A, Bertram HC, Hammershoj M, Raben A. Matrix structure of dairy products results in different postprandial lipid responses: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Nov 8;114(5):1729-1742. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab220. | |
| 34357348 | Result | Thogersen R, Lindahl IEI, Khakimov B, Kjolbaek L, Juhl Jensen K, Astrup A, Hammershoj M, Raben A, Bertram HC. Progression of Postprandial Blood Plasma Phospholipids Following Acute Intake of Different Dairy Matrices: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Metabolites. 2021 Jul 14;11(7):454. doi: 10.3390/metabo11070454. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006949 | Hyperlipidemias |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050171 | Dyslipidemias |
| D052439 | Lipid Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Due to the characteristics of the study design, blinding of project personnel and participants is not possible. However, statistical analyses of the results will be performed in a blinded fashion.
| Blended and homogenized cheddar cheese | Dietary Supplement | A blended and homogenized cheddar cheese (a spread) which, compared to the reference, has a minimal protein network and has smaller fat droplet |
|
| An analog milk | Dietary Supplement | An anolog milk (i.e. milk with a cheese-like nutritional composition) which, compared to the reference, does not contain a protein network |
|
| An analog cheese | Dietary Supplement | This analog cheese (a gel/yoghurt) is produced from the analog milk which, compared to the reference, has a protein network, however it is a network that differs from the reference |
|
| 0-8 hour |
| Insulin | Fasting and postprandial concentrations of insulin (pmol/L) are measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| Glucose | Fasting and postprandial concentrations of glucose (mmol/L) are measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| Apolipoproteins | Fasting and postprandial concentrations of apolipoproteins (e.g. B100) are measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| 0-8 hour |
| Subjective appetite sensation | Subjective appetite sensation (e.g. hunger, satiety, thirst) will be evaluated by visual analogue scales (VAS). The VAS is a line (100 mm in length) with words anchored at each end, expressing the most positive and the most negative rating of the subject's sensations. For example, Q: "How hungry do you feel now?", rating: "not at all" (=0 mm) and "extremely" (=100 mm) | 0-8 hour |
| Acute energy intake | Acute energy intake is evaluated by energy intake of an ad libitum meal that is served after the 8-hour test meal period | 8 hours after test meal |
| Appetite hormones | Fasting and postprandial concentrations of appetite hormones (e.g. GLP-1) may be measured after intake of a test meal. | 0-8 hour |
| detailed metabolomics | Detailed absorption kinetics will be evaluated by LCMS-based metabolomics | 0-8 hour |
| 32500911 | Result | Schmidt JM, Kjolbaek L, Jensen KJ, Rouy E, Bertram HC, Larsen T, Raben A, Astrup A, Hammershoj M. Influence of type of dairy matrix micro- and macrostructure on in vitro lipid digestion. Food Funct. 2020 Jun 24;11(6):4960-4972. doi: 10.1039/d0fo00785d. |