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The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth warfarin education in a charity outpatient clinic. The purpose is to increase patient knowledge with regard to their warfarin therapy and to measure knowledge retention
2. This study is conducted in outpatient ambulatory care clinics at the Baylor Family Medicine Worth Street clinic and the Irving Interfaith clinic. The average census for warfarin patients Friday clinic is 10. The anticoagulation clinic consists of an interdisciplinary team including physicians, medical assistants, nurse practitioners, and pharmacists. Patients initially visit with the provider and subsequent follow up INR checks are performed by the pharmacists or medical assistants. Currently, pharmacists manage the anticoagulation clinic on Fridays and medical assistants manage the clinic on Monday through Thursday. All providers provide patient education through written brochures.
3. Study Design
a. This study is a prospective, single-centered, randomized controlled quality improvement pilot study.
4. Warfarin Education Procedures
Each Friday morning, the pharmacist will identify the patients with appointments for INR checks.
As each patient checks in for their appointment, the pharmacist will ask the patient for consent to be a part of the study
If the patient says yes, the pharmacist will have the patient complete a warfarin questionnaire and health literacy test to see the patient's baseline knowledge on their warfarin therapy
Intervention patients (iPAD® video)
5. Description of iPAD video
a. Setting: a pharmacy b. Description: A pharmacist will provide education about warfarin using not only verbal instructions but also provide illustrations of directions. Please refer to Appendix for dialogue.
6. Control group
a. Patients' INR will be taken and warfarin education will be given verbally similar to Monday-Thursday clinic. A written brochure will be given.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warfarin Telehealth Education | Other | Patients received education on warfarin through a video on an iPad, and were assessed on knowledge pre and post video, and at follow up visit |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Knowledge Retention of Warfarin Education post video watching | Difference in pre warfarin education video and post video test for warfarin education in patients receiving warfarin education via iPad | pre and post video test(20 minutes) |
| Long Term Knowledge Retention of warfarin education post video watching | Difference in pre video test and follow up retention test for warfarin education in patients receiving warfarin education via iPad | initial and follow up visit (max 30 days) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self Reported Adherence to Warfarin therapy during duration of study | Descriptive results of patient self reported adherence (yes/no response) related to warfarin between initial and follow up visit | Between initial and follow up visit ( max 30 days) |
| Satisfaction Survey |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31382942 | Derived | Heinrich K, Sanchez K, Hui C, Talabi K, Perry M, Qin H, Nguyen H, Tatachar A. Impact of an electronic medium delivery of warfarin education in a low income, minority outpatient population: a pilot intervention study. BMC Public Health. 2019 Aug 5;19(1):1050. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7370-4. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055118 | Medication Adherence |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010349 | Patient Compliance |
| D010342 | Patient Acceptance of Health Care |
| D000074822 | Treatment Adherence and Compliance |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
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Educational Intervention
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A satisfaction survey (designed by pharmacy resident) with 4 questions based on Likert scale (0-5), and one free response question patient completes on follow up visit. Name of Scale used for 4 questions: Likert. (Range 1-5, 1= highly disagree, 2= disagree, 3-neutral, 4-agree, 5-highly agree). There was no total of scoring, each response was individual of each other. |
| Max 30 days |
| Adverse Events | Descriptive results of patient self reported adverse events related to warfarin between initial and follow up visit | Between initial and follow up visit ( max 30 days) |
| Time of Warfarin in Therapeutic Range for Duration of Study | Time patient was within therapeutic range for their INR goal between initial and follow up visit | Between initial and follow up visit ( max 30 days) |
| D001519 | Behavior |