131I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Neuroblastoma
131I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Neuroblastoma
This expanded access is the best available therapy/compassionate use designed to determine the palliative benefit and toxicity of 131I-MIBG in patients with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma or metastatic pheochromocytoma who are not eligible for therapies of higher priority. Patients may receive a range of doses depending on stem cell availability and tumor involvement of bone marrow. Response rate, toxicity, and time to progression and death will be evaluated.
Primary Objective is to provide access to therapy with 131I-MIBG for patients with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma or metastatic pheochromocytoma.
Secondary Objectives are to (1) assess disease response to 131I-MIBG therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma or metastatic pheochromocytoma; (2) gain more information about the toxicities of 131I-MIBG therapy; and (3) assess improvement of symptoms, including pain and fatigue, for patients with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma or metastatic pheochromocytoma who are receiving 131I-MIBG therapy.
Inclusion Criteria:
Diagnosis:
Relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma with original diagnosis based on tumor histopathology or elevated urine catecholamines with typical neuroblastoma cells in the bone marrow
Metastatic pheochromocytoma
Age >1 year and able to cooperate with radiation safety restrictions during therapy period
Karnofsky or Lansky performance status of ≥ 50%
Life expectancy: patients must have a life expectancy of at least 8 weeks
Disease status: Failure to respond to standard therapy (usually combination chemotherapy with or without radiation and surgery) or development of progressive disease at any phase of standard therapy (any new lesion or an increase in size >25% of a pre-existing lesion). Patients may enter this study with or without re-induction therapy for recurrent tumor.
Disease must be evaluable by MIBG scan. A positive MIBG scan must be present within 8 weeks prior to study entry and subsequent to any intervening therapy. If the patient has only one MIBG positive lesion and that lesion was radiated, a biopsy must be done at least 4 weeks after radiation was completed and must show viable neuroblastoma.
Stem Cells: If a patient does not have a hematopoietic stem cell product available for re-infusion after MIBG treatment, they may not receive a 131IMIBG dose >12 mCi/kg. Patients must have a hematopoietic stem cell product available for re-infusion after MIBG treatment at doses of > 12 mCi/kg. The minimum quantity for peripheral blood stem cells is 1.5 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg (optimum > 2 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg). The minimum dose for bone marrow is 1.0 x 108 mononuclear cells/kg (optimum >2.0 x 108 mononuclear cells/kg).
Stem cell source: The patients on this protocol will have autologous PBSCs available.
Have acceptable organ function as defined below within 7 days of enrollment:
Bone Marrow: ANC ≥750 X 109 /L, platelets ≥50,000 X 109 /L, and hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL without transfusion if stem cells are not available. ANC ≥500 X 109 /L, platelets ≥20,000 X 109 /L, and hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL with transfusions allowed if stem cells are available. Patients with stem cells available are excluded if they require two platelet transfusions per week to maintain the minimum required platelet count. A bone marrow examination is not medically indicated for patients diagnosed with metastatic pheochromocytoma.
Renal: Creatinine ≤ 2 times upper limit of normal
Hepatic: Bilirubin ≤2x upper limit of normal; AST/ALT ≤10x upper limit of normal
Cardiac: Ejection fraction ≥ 45% on echocardiogram or shortening fraction
>/=27%
Pulmonary: normal lung function as manifested by no dyspnea and/or oxygen saturation ≥ 94% on room air.
Prior Therapy: Patients must have recovered from all acute toxicities (defined as CTCAE 5.0 ≤ grade 1) associated with any prior therapy, and:
Myelosuppressive chemotherapy: At least 2 weeks should have elapsed since any chemotherapy causing myelosuppression
Biologic (anti-neoplastic agent): At least 7 days should have elapsed since the completion of therapy with a biologic agent.
Monoclonal antibodies: At least 3 half-lives should have elapsed since therapy with a monoclonal antibody
Radiation therapy: Three-months should have elapsed in the case of completing radiation to any of the following fields: craniospinal, total abdominal, whole lung, total body irradiation). For all other sites of radiation, at least 2 weeks should have elapsed.
Cytokine therapy (e.g. G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-2): must be discontinued a minimum of 24 hours prior to MIBG therapy.
Voluntary written informed consent must be obtained before performance of any study-related procedure not part of normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the subject at any time without prejudice to future medical care.
Exclusion Criteria: