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Postoperative pain remains relatively high within 48h for Chinese patients who receive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Multimodal analgesia combines several agents and/or techniques to function on diverse nociceptive mechanisms to enhance pain relief and lessen side effect. Hydromorphone is a hydrogenated ketone of morphine and approximately 5-10 times more potent. There lacks about efficacy and efficiency of hydromorphone in electrical pump for patient controlled intravenous analgesic (PCIA).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group M | Active Comparator | Drug: Morphine Background: No Bolus infusion: 0.015 mg*kg-1 |
|
| Group NBH | Experimental | Drug: Hydromorphone Background: No Bolus infusion: 0.002 mg*kg-1 |
|
| Group BH | Experimental | Drug: Hydromorphone Background: 0.002 mg*kg-1*h-1 Bolus infusion: 0.002 mg*kg-1 |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydromorphone | Drug | 0.002 mg*kg-1 bolus with 0.002 mg*kg-1 background infusion for group BH 0.002 mg*kg-1 bolus without background infusion for group NBH Drug is administered through PCIA pump. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rest pain assessment at 0.5 hour after tracheal extubation | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 0.5 hour after tracheal extubation |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 p.m. surgery day | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at surgery day |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 p.m. surgery day | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at surgery day |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 a.m. at first day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 a.m. at first day after surgery |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 a.m. at first day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 a.m. at first day after surgery |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 p.m. at first day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 p.m. at surgery day |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Min Yan, Doctor | Zhejiang University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The second affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University | Hangzhou | Zhejiang | 310000 | China |
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| Morphine | Drug | 0.015 mg*kg-1 bolus without background infusion for group M Drug is administered through PCIA pump. |
|
| 8 p.m. at first day after surgery |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 p.m. at first day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at first day after surgery |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 a.m. at second day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 a.m. at second day after surgery |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 a.m. at second day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 a.m. at second day after surgery |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 p.m. at second day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at second day after surgery |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 p.m. at second day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at second day after surgery |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 a.m. at third day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 a.m. at third day after surgery |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 a.m. at third day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 a.m. at third day after surgery |
| Rest pain assessment at 8 p.m. at third day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain at rest. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at third day after surgery |
| Activity pain assessment at 8 p.m. at third day after surgery | Visual Analogue Scale/Score to assess pain on coughing. VAS range from 0 to 100 millimeter. And 0 stands for no pain, while 100 stands for worst pain. Lower value is better. | 8 p.m. at third day after surgery |
| 8 p.m. at surgery day |
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 a.m. at first day after surgery |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience | 8 a.m. at first day after surgery |
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 p.m. at first day after surgery |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience | 8 p.m. at first day after surgery |
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 a.m. at second day after surgery |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience | 8 a.m. at second day after surgery |
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 p.m. at second day after surgery |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience | 8 p.m. at second day after surgery |
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 a.m. at third day after surgery |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience | 8 a.m. at third day after surgery |
| Ratio of Nausea | Record whether patients experience nausea | 8 p.m. at third day after surgery |
| Ratio of Vomiting | Record whether patients experience vomiting and how many times do they experience | 8 p.m. at third day after surgery |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump | 8 p.m. at surgery day |
| Total Antiemetic usage | Sum up any antiemetic | 8 p.m. at surgery day |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump from last time point | 8 a.m. at first day after surgery |
| Total Antiemetic usage | Sum up any antiemetic from last time point | 8 p.m. at first day after surgery |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump from last time point | 8 p.m. at first day after surgery |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump from last time point | 8 a.m. at second day after surgery |
| Total Antiemetic usage | Sum up any antiemetic from last time point | 8 a.m. at second day after surgery |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump from last time point | 8 p.m. at second day after surgery |
| Total Antiemetic usage | Sum up any antiemetic from last time point | 8 p.m. at second day after surgery |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump from last time point | 8 a.m. at third day after surgery |
| Total Antiemetic usage | Sum up any antiemetic from last time point | 8 a.m. at third day after surgery |
| Total Analgesia usage | Sum up any extra analgesia when analgesic failure (VAS persistently > 4) with PCIA pump from last time point | 8 p.m. at third day after surgery |
| Total Antiemetic usage | Sum up any antiemetic from last time point | 8 p.m. at third day after surgery |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004091 | Hydromorphone |
| D009020 | Morphine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009022 | Morphine Derivatives |
| D009019 | Morphinans |
| D053610 | Opiate Alkaloids |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D006572 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring |
| D006576 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D010616 | Phenanthrenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
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