The Effect of Deep Neuromuscular Block and Reversal With Sugammadex on Surgical Conditions and Perioperative Morbidity in Shoulder Surgery Using a Deltopectoral Approach

The Effect of Deep Neuromuscular Block and Reversal With Sugammadex on Surgical Conditions and Perioperative Morbidity in Shoulder Surgery Using a Deltopectoral Approach

The study evaluates wether deep neuromuscular block during entire surgical procedure to the gleno-humeral joint or the proximal humerus using a deltoideo-pectoral approach results in less muscular damage to the deltoid muscle and therefore less post-operative pain and an earlier functional recovery..

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patient undergoing elective or semi-elective surgery to the gleno-humeral joint or the proximal humerus using a deltoideo-pectoral approach

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to consent because of mental status
• Open injuries involving the deltoid muscle
• Previous open surgery on the shoulder joint.
• American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status >II
• Age <18 or >85 year old
• Body mass index (BMI) <18.5 or >35 kg/m2
• Renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate <40 ml/min)
• Impaired liver function (hepatic cirrhosis, cholestatic jaundice)
• Neuromuscular disease
• Pregnancy
• Breastfeeding
• Predicted difficult airway
• Patients receiving medications known to interact with neuromuscular blocking agents
• Allergy to any drug included in the anesthetic protocol