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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Nanyang Technological University | OTHER |
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This study examines potential physiological and psychological determinants of food intake in response to exercise. Specifically, beyond measuring actual food consumption and physiological markers typically assessed during exercise and appetite work (i.e. appetite hormones, blood glucose), the investigators wish to investigate the influence of individual behavioural differences (attitudes towards eating, licensing/compensatory health beliefs, self-regulation, and exercise-associated motivation) on the relationship between exercise and eating behaviour.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise and Meal (EX) | Experimental | The EX protocol will involve a 30 minute acute bout of high intensity intermittent exercise on a stationary exercise bike followed by an ad-libitum test meal. |
|
| No-Exercise and Meal (NEX) | Experimental | The NEX protocol will involve a 30 minute period of rest (to match the exercise period in EX) where participants will be provided a video/movie. Following this, participants will be provided ad-libitum access to a test meal (as per EX energy intake assessment protocol) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise and Meal (EX) | Behavioral | 30 minute acute bout of high intensity intermittent exercise followed by ad-libitum meal |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ad-libitum amount of food consumed in response to experimental condition: exercise or rest (no exercise). | Participants' eating behaviour will be assessed by measuring the total amount of the test meal consumed in each experimental condition. The test meal will be provided ad-libitum (i.e. there will be non-restricted access) | 3 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite-related blood hormone concentration in response to experimental conditions. | Venous blood will be sampled for the measurement of a range of appetite-related hormones including Active Ghrelin (pg/ml), Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) (pg/ml), Pancreatic YY (PYY) (pg/ml), Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) (pg/ml), periodically through the experimental sessions. | 3 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self-reported tendencies of compensatory health beliefs | Influence of self-reported tendencies of compensatory health beliefs on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes. Scale to be used: Compensatory Health Belief (CHB) Scale, CHB Subscales: Substance use, Eating/sleeping habits, Stress and Weight regulation, Ratings on a 5-point agreement scale. Greater scores (summed) indicate greater tendency for an individual to hold compensatory beliefs (for the particular domain/subscale or collectively). |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Female,
Smoker,
Fasting blood glucose > 5.9 mmol/L,
Resting blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg,
Any major medical/health conditions including
Allergic or intolerant to foods presented in the study.
Physical disabilities and/or restrictions.
Individuals that are adverse to exercising on a stationary exercise bike or treadmill.
Adverse to blood sampling procedures (i.e. cannulation, finger pricks, venepuncture).
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aaron Y Sim, PhD | Contact | +6564074046 | aaron_sim@sics.a-star.edu.sg | |
| Elizabeth X Lim, BSc | Contact | +6564070093 | elizabeth_lim@sics.a-star.edu.sg |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Nutrition Research Centre | Recruiting | Singapore | Singapore 11760 | Singapore |
Study Protocol Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) Informed Consent Form (ICF)
Will be made available to other researchers upon request
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D062407 | Meals |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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The present study will be of a randomised counterbalanced repeated-measures (crossover) design. Each participant (n = 30) will complete four sessions; one initial screening session (remotely administered), one baseline/familiarisation session (first lab visit) and two subsequent experimental sessions (second and third lab visits). The two experimental sessions will follow a similar protocol, except that one condition will involve an exercise protocol before an ad-libitum meal (Exercise and Meal (EX) condition), and the other, a no-exercise period (rest) before an ad-libitum (NEX) control condition.
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Participants are "blind" to the true aim of the study. In addition, assignment of the experimental sessions are administered at random.
| No-Exercise and Meal (NEX) | Behavioral | 30 minute non-exercise period where participants will be watching a video/movie followed by ad-libitum meal |
|
| Metabolic blood variable concentration in response to experimental conditions | Venous blood will be sampled for the measurement of metabolic blood variables blood insulin (mmol/L) and blood glucose (mmol/L) periodically through the experimental sessions. | 3 hours |
| Subjective ratings of hunger in response to experimental conditions | Self-reported subjective ratings of hunger will be assessed periodically through the experimental session. Assessed via 100-point visual analogue scales. | 3 hours |
| Subjective ratings of satiation (fullness) in response to experimental conditions | Self-reported subjective ratings of satiation (fullness) will be assessed periodically through the experimental session. Assessed via 100-point visual analogue scales | 3 hours |
| Subjective ratings of desire to eat in response to experimental conditions | Self-reported subjective ratings of desire to eat will be assessed periodically through the experimental session. Assessed via 100-point visual analogue scales | 3 hours |
| Subjective ratings of prospective food consumption in response to experimental conditions | Self-reported subjective ratings of prospective food consumption will be assessed periodically through the experimental session. Assessed via 100-point visual analogue scales. | 3 hours |
| Free-living energy intake (1 day post-experiment) in response to experimental conditions | 1 day free-living energy intake (self-report) | 1 day |
| Free-living physical activity levels intake (1 day post-experiment) in response to experimental conditions | 1 day free-living physical activity levels (physical activity monitors) | 1 day |
| Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| Self-reported tendencies of licensing/reward beliefs | Influence of self-reported tendencies of licensing eating behaviour in response to exercise on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes. Scale to be used: Post-Exercise Licensing (PEL)Scale. Ratings on a 7 point agreement scale. Greater scores (averaged) indicate a greater tendency to reward/license in response to exercise. | Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| Self-reported tendencies and motives of compensatory eating behaviour in response to exercise | Influence of self-reported tendencies and motives of compensatory eating behaviour in response to exercise on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes Scale to be used: Compensatory Eating Motives Questionnaire (CEMQ) Subscales: Eating for Reward, Eating for Recovery, Eating for Relief (4 point frequency scale) Greater scores (summation of outcome of respective subscales) indicate greater tendency to compensate due to particular motive (respective subscales). | Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| Self-reported assessment of motivation (regulation) to exercise | To examine the influence of self-reported motivation to exercise on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes. Scale involve: Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ) measures the stages of the self-determination contin. Subscales: Amotivation, External regulation, Introjected regulation, Identified regulation, Integrated regulation, Intrinsic regulation.Greater scores (averaged of outcome of respective subscale/items) indicate greater tendency for exercise behaviour to be regulated by particular construct (respective subscale). | Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| Self-reported assessment of motivation to eat healthily | To examine the influence of self-reported motivation to adopt healthy eating behaviour on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes. Scale involve: Regulation of Eating Behavioural Scale (REBS). Subscales: Amotivation, External regulation, Introjected regulation, Identified regulation, Integrated regulation, Intrinsic regulation. Greater scores (averaged of outcome of respective subscale/items) indicate greater tendency for eating behaviour to be regulated by particular construct (respective subscale). | Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| Self-reported attitudes towards eating behaviour as assessed by the Three Factor Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18) | Influence of self-reported attitudes towards eating on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes. Scale involve: Three Factor Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18) Subscales: Dietary Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating, Emotional Eating Greater scores (averaged outcome of respective subscale/items) indicate greater likelihood of the behaviour (of construct measure by respective subscales). | Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| Self-reported weight-related behaviour change status as assessed by the Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire | Influence of self-reported weight-related behaviour change status on the relationship between experimental conditions and study outcomes. Scale involve: Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire. Scores (based on scoring algorithm) will indicate participants' current stage of motivational readiness for change specific to physical activity. Greater score (1-5 representing five stages of change) indicates physical activity status and intent to be active. | Assessed at start of study - through study completion - up to 4-5 weeks |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |