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This study investigates the salivary LL-37 in passive smoking-exposed and unexposed children and the association between salivary LL-37 levels and periodontal clinical parameters in these children.Unstimulated salivary samples were collected from 180 children (90 passive smoking-exposed and 90 passive smoking-unexposed)
Diverse mechanisms conduce to the detrimental periodontal effects of passive smoking, including alteration of both microbial and host response factors.
Antimicrobial peptides are considered to be an important intermediate step in initiating an initial immune response against the microbial side of the oral gingival epithelium and in the transition to acquired immunity.
LL-37 has a wide antimicrobial activity against both cariogenic and periopathogenic bacteria and its role in maintaining oral health has recently been stated
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Passive smoking-exposed children | This group consists of children whose family members have smoked at home since the birth of the child. | ||
| Passive smoking-unexposed children | This group consists of children whose family members have not smoked at home since the birth of the child. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial Peptide | LL-37 (pg/mL) | In the first 18 months of study |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Passive smoking measurement | Cotinine (ng/mL) | In the first 18 months of study |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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All children were selected from patients referred to Kirikkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, and Department of Pediatric Dentistry
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