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This study aims to clarify the underlying hereditary and autoimmune factors that contribute to clinical type 1 diabetes and gain a better understanding of the natural history of the disease.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intensive structured education group | Regular outpatient visit in every 3 months to these patients. The glucose control and diabetes complication screening will be evaluated in visit. Patients will also be evaluated by specialized psychologists, dietitians and therapists. Diabetes self-management education will be regularly exposed to patients |
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| Conventional education group | Outpatients visit to endocrinologists when necessary in a conventional way. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| type 1 diabetes structured education | Other | The structured education is based on a regular outpatients visit.It is an education that integrated several diabetes related subjects,which mainly aimed at T1D self-management. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Effects of structured education on β-cell endocrine function progression of T1D patients. | The natural progression of patients' β-cell endocrine functions was assessed by fasting C-peptide (FCP) and postprandial C-peptide (PCP) at each visit. FCP and PCP levels were measured at initial recruitment and every three months after that. The decay rate of β-cell endocrine function of patients in the two groups were compared. Serum C-peptide levels were measured by a chemiluminescence method using a commercial available kit (Adiva Centaur System, Siemens, Germany). | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Effects of structured education on blood sugar control. | Patients' daily insulin dosage (U/Day) were collected at initial recruitment and each visit afterwards. And the above mentioned parameters in group 1(patients with structured education) and group2(patients without structured education) were compared. | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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type 1 diabetes patients
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University | Changsha | Hunan | 410011 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38602658 | Derived | Deng C, Xie Y, Liu F, Tang X, Fan L, Yang X, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Li X. Simplified integration of optimal self-management behaviors is associated with improved HbA1c in patients with type 1 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest. 2024 Nov;47(11):2691-2699. doi: 10.1007/s40618-024-02357-8. Epub 2024 Apr 11. | |
| 38306953 | Derived |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003922 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| Effects of structured education on blood sugar control. | Patients' blood sugar levels were collected at initial recruitment and each visit afterwards. And the above mentioned parameters in group 1(patients with structured education) and group2(patients without structured education) were compared. | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
| Effects of structured education on blood sugar control. | Patients' HbA1c levels were collected at initial recruitment and each visit afterwards. And the above mentioned parameters in group 1(patients with structured education) and group2(patients without structured education) were compared.HbA1c concentration was tested by the Bio-Red Variant automatic measurement system. | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
| Effects of structured education on metabolic control. | Patients' body mass index (BMI) levels were collected at initial recruitment and each visit afterwards. And the above mentioned parameters in group 1(patients with structured education) and group2(patients without structured education) were compared. | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
| Effects of structured education on metabolic control. | Patients' systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels were collected at initial recruitment and each visit afterwards. And the above mentioned parameters in group 1(patients with structured education) and group2(patients without structured education) were compared. | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
| Effects of structured education on metabolic control. | Patients' triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were collected at initial recruitment and each visit afterwards. And the above mentioned parameters in group 1(patients with structured education) and group2(patients without structured education) were compared. | Baseline and every three months afterwards. |
| Zhong T, Li X, Lei K, Tang R, Zhou Z, Zhao B, Li X. CXCL12-CXCR4 mediates CD57+ CD8+ T cell responses in the progression of type 1 diabetes. J Autoimmun. 2024 Feb;143:103171. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103171. Epub 2024 Feb 1. |
| 38212850 | Derived | Ji X, Zou W, Fan L, Zhou Z, Zhu X, Li X. Insulin resistance-related features are associated with cognitive decline: a cross-sectional study in adult patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2024 Jan 11;16(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13098-023-01249-w. |
| 37262038 | Derived | Huang F, Ji X, Xie Y, Li J, Li X, Zhou Z. Structured nutrition and advanced carbohydrate counting questionnaire for adult type 1 diabetes. Chin Med J (Engl). 2023 Jul 20;136(14):1753-1755. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002721. Epub 2023 Jun 1. No abstract available. |
| 36964977 | Derived | Xie Y, Shi M, Ji X, Huang F, Fan L, Li X, Zhou Z. Insulin resistance is more frequent in type 1 diabetes patients with long disease duration. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2023 Sep;39(6):e3640. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3640. Epub 2023 Apr 8. |
| 34390338 | Derived | Chen Y, Xia Y, Xie Z, Zhong T, Tang R, Li X, Zhou Z. The Unfavorable Impact of DR9/DR9 Genotype on the Frequency and Quality of Partial Remission in Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Jan 1;107(1):e293-e302. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab589. |
| 32865059 | Derived | Zhu S, Liu F, Li J, Guan Y, Meng M, Li X, Zhou Z, Xu R, Li L. Development and validation of a self-management scale of type 1 diabetes for Chinese adults. J Int Med Res. 2020 Aug;48(8):300060520947588. doi: 10.1177/0300060520947588. |
| 32236416 | Derived | Li X, Zhong T, Tang R, Wu C, Xie Y, Liu F, Zhou Z. PD-1 and PD-L1 Expression in Peripheral CD4/CD8+ T Cells Is Restored in the Partial Remission Phase in Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Jun 1;105(6):dgaa130. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa130. |
| 32151245 | Derived | Xie Y, Liu F, Huang F, Lan C, Guo J, He J, Li L, Li X, Zhou Z. Establishment of a type 1 diabetes structured education programme suitable for Chinese patients: type 1 diabetes education in lifestyle and self adjustment (TELSA). BMC Endocr Disord. 2020 Mar 10;20(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s12902-020-0514-9. |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |