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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Wroclaw Medical University | OTHER |
| The Cleveland Clinic | OTHER |
| Medical University of Vienna | OTHER |
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The effectiveness of endotracheal intubation in pre-hospital conditions is insufficient - especially in the context of pediatric patients. Anatomical differences in pediatric patients compared to adults: a relative larger tongue, a larger and more flabby epiglottis - located more cephalously - that make intubation is more difficult than for adults. Also, higher oxygen metabolism requires the immediate response of medical personnel to children in case of need to protect the airways and support breath.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal airway scenario | Experimental | intubation in normal airway scenario |
|
| Tongue edema scenario | Experimental | intubation in the tongue edema scenario. Tongue edema was obtain using simulator indicators |
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| Spinal immobilization with normal airway scenario | Experimental | intubation in spinal immobilization with normal airway scenario |
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| Spinal immobilization with tongue edema scenario | Experimental | endotracheal intubation with immobilized cervical spine and tongue edema scenario |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macintosh laryngoscope | Device | intubation will be performed using standard direct laryngoscopy - Macintosh laryngoscope |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intubation time | time in seconds required for a successful intubation attempt | 1 day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Success of intubation | If the oesopharyngeal tube was incorrectly placed or intubation lasted longer than 60 seconds, the airway-management attempt was defined as a failure. | 1 day |
| Cormack-Lehane grading |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lukasz Szarpak, PhD | Lazarski University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lazarsku University | Warsaw | Masovian Voivodeship | 02-662 | Poland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27228145 | Background | Szarpak L, Karczewska K, Czyzewski L, Truszewski Z, Kurowski A. Airtraq Laryngoscope Versus the Conventional Macintosh Laryngoscope During Pediatric Intubation Performed by Nurses: A Randomized Crossover Manikin Study With Three Airway Scenarios. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2017 Nov;33(11):735-739. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000741. | |
| 28429117 |
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data will be available from the main investigator
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006323 | Heart Arrest |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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|
| Miller laryngoscope | Device | intubation will be performed using Miller laryngoscope |
|
|
| McGrath MAC EMS | Device | intubation will be performed using McGrath MAC EMS video - laryngoscope |
|
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| GlideScope | Device | intubation will be performed using GlideScope video - laryngoscope |
|
|
self-reported percentage the vocal cord visualization using the Cormack-Lehane grading, scale developed by Cormack and Lehane, based on four degrees of visibility of the glottis.
| 1 day |
| POGO score - percentage of glottic opening | self-reported percentage the vocal cord visualization. A 100% POGO score is a full view of the glottis from the anterior commissure to the interarytenoid notch. A POGO score of 0 means that even the interarytenoid notch is not seen. | 1 day |
| Preferred ETI device | participants were asked which method of ETI they would prefer in a real-life resuscitation. | 1 day |
| Ease of use | self-reported percentage the vocal cord visualization. A 100% score is a extremely difficult procedure. A Ease of use score of 1% means that procedure is extremely easy | 1 day |
| Madziala M, Smereka J, Dabrowski M, Leung S, Ruetzler K, Szarpak L. A comparison of McGrath MAC(R) and standard direct laryngoscopy in simulated immobilized cervical spine pediatric intubation: a manikin study. Eur J Pediatr. 2017 Jun;176(6):779-786. doi: 10.1007/s00431-017-2909-9. Epub 2017 Apr 21. |
| 25979300 | Background | Szarpak L, Kurowski A, Czyzewski L, Rodriguez-Nunez A. Video rigid flexing laryngoscope (RIFL) vs Miller laryngoscope for tracheal intubation during pediatric resuscitation by paramedics: a simulation study. Am J Emerg Med. 2015 Aug;33(8):1019-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.04.054. Epub 2015 Apr 30. |