Bio-psycho-social Pathways Underlying the Effects of Qigong Among Comorbid Depressed Elderly With Chronic Conditions

Bio-psycho-social Pathways Underlying the Effects of Qigong Among Comorbid Depressed Elderly With Chronic Conditions

Depression and chronic medical conditions are common in older adults. Qigong is increasingly documented to have anti-depressive effects for older adults. Nevertheless, the scientific concepts behind qigong remain a mystery. To fill the knowledge gap, the neurobiological mechanism of the effects of qigong was explored. In addition, the benefits of qigong on subjective well-being, functional independence, sleep quality, mobility, and muscle strength were also tested. After random assignment, intervention group (n = 14) went through individual qigong exercise twice a week and for 12 weeks,whereas control group (n = 16) was involved in cognitive training activities with mobilization elements. The psychosocial, physical, and neurobiological outcomes of the two groups were compared.

Inclusion Criteria:

• aged 60 or above
• have been suffering from chronic medical conditions for more than one year
• have depressive symptoms as indicated by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS ≥ 6)

Exclusion Criteria:

• have practiced or received training of any form of mind-body exercises (including tai chi, yoga, and qigong) during the 6 months prior to intervention.
• have changed medication or the dosage prior to or during intervention
• have obvious cognitive and language impairment or score less than 20 in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
• undergo electroconvulsive therapy, psychotherapy, or psychoeducation
• cannot demonstrate satisfactory sitting balance