patients with parkinson disease

The nine hole peg test will be performed under two different task (1)single task, (2)adding a cognitive task

The Nine-Hole Peg Test is used to measure finger dexterity in patients with various neurological diagnoses. The patient must pick up the pegs from the holes and replace them back as fast as possible. The Nine Hole Peg Test should be conducted with the dominant arm first, then nondominant hand. The time will be recorded in second to complete the test. The test will be performed under three task;

1. single task: Only nine-hole peg test
2. adding a cognitive task: Nine-hole peg test will be performed with a concurrent cognitive task. The cognitive task is a serial 7 subtraction from numbers changed between 290 and 310 during the performing nine-hole peg test. The time will be recorded.

Dexterity-related ADL difficulties were measured by the ADL-related dexterity Questionnaire 24 (DextQ-24), including 24 question dealing with bimanual and unimanual activities, which is a reliable and valid disease specific questionnaire to evaluate dexterity in patients with PD. Each question is scored between 1 (no problems) and 4 (need aid to perform task) by the patient's experience. Total score ranged from 24 points to 96 points.

Disease progression will be assessed with modified Hoehn and Yahr Scale. The original scale included stages 1 through 5. Since then, stage 0 has been added, and stages 1.5 and 2.5 have been proposed. This modified scale allocates stages from 0 to 5 to indicate the relative level of disability.

Stage 0: No signs of disease.

Stage 1: Unilateral symptoms only.

Stage 1.5: Unilateral and axial involvement.

Stage 2: Bilateral symptoms. No impairment of balance.

Stage 2.5: Mild bilateral disease with recovery on pull test.

Stage 3: Balance impairment. Mild to moderate disease. Physically independent.

Stage 4: Severe disability, but still able to walk or stand unassisted.

Stage 5: Needing a wheelchair or bedridden unless assisted.