"Sugar" pill manufactured to mimic buspirone 10 mg tablet

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of feeling excessively full after meals severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of inability to finish a normal-sized meal severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of loss of appetite severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) total score, which is computed as the average of the 3 subscores on the GCSI survey: 3-item early satiety/postprandial fullness subscore, the nausea/vomiting subscore (average of 3-items: nausea, retching, vomiting), and bloating subscore (average of 2-items: bloating, stomach visibly larger). Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks; the total score ranges from 0 to 5. The change is computed as the total score at 4-weeks minus the baseline total score. A negative change indicates improved symptoms.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported nausea/vomiting subscore, which is computed as the average of 3 scores for 3-items on the Gastrointestinal Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey: nausea, retching, vomiting. Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks. The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore. Negative change indicates improvement in symptoms.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of nausea severity item from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of vomiting severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates improvement in vomiting severity.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported bloating subscore, which is computed as the average of 2 scores for 2-items on the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey: bloating, stomach visibly larger. Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks; the subscore ranges from 0 to 5. The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore. A negative value for change indicates improvement in symptoms.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of bloating severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported upper abdominal pain subscore, which is computed as the average of 2 scores for 2-items on the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders-Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) survey: upper abdominal pain, upper abdominal discomfort. Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks; the subscore ranges from 0 to 5. The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of upper abdominal pain severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported GERD subscore, which is computed as the average of 7 scores for 7-items on the Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) survey: heartburn during the day, heartburn when lying down, feeling of discomfort inside chest during the day, feeling of discomfort inside chest during sleep, regurgitation or reflux during the day, regurgitation when lying down, bitter, acid or sour taste in mouth. Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks; the subscore ranges from 0 to 5. The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported GSRS total score which is computed as the mean of the 15 item scores on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) survey. Each item is scored from 1 (no discomfort) to 7 (very severe discomfort) of the symptom in the past week. The change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

The outcome is assessed using the participant-rated Clinical Patient Grading Assessment Scale (CPGAS) score which is scored from -3 (very considerably worse) to 3 (completely better) in the past week compared to the way the participant usually feels. The change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A positive change indicates patient feeling better.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire 15 Somatic Symptom Severity Scale (PHQ-15) total somatization score (ranges from 0 -30, with 30 being most bothered by symptoms in prior 4-weeks), calculated as the sum of 15-items, each scored from 0 (not bothered at all) to 2 (bothered a lot) by somatic symptoms in the prior 4-weeks. The change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates being less bothered by the symptoms.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) depression subscore, calculated as the sum of 7 items, each scored from 0 (not at all) to 3 (most of the time). The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore. A negative change indicates reduced depression.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety subscore, calculated as the sum of 7-items, each scored from 0 (not at all) to 3 (most of the time). The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore. A negative change indicates reduced anxiety at 4-weeks.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders-Quality of Life (PAGI-QOL) total score which comprises 30 items scored from 0 (none of the time) to 5 (all of the time) the participant's QOL has been affected by their gastrointestinal issues in the prior two weeks. The total score is the mean of the 5 subscale scores and ranges from 0 (lowest QOL) to 5 (highest QOL) in past 2-weeks. The change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A positive change indicates improved QOL.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v2) mental health QOL component score. The score ranges from 0 (poorest) to 100 (highest) QOL. The change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A positive change indicates improved mental QOL.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v2) physical health QOL component score. The score ranges from 0 (poorest) to 100 (highest) QOL. The change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A positive change indicates improved Physical QOL.

The outcome is assessed using the percent of gastric retention at 4-hours from the Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy (GES) test. The change is computed as the percent retention at 4-weeks minus the baseline percent retention. % retention is the amount of food remaining in the stomach at 4-hours of the GES test and ranges from 0% (no food) to 100% (all of the food).

The Intragastric meal distribution (IMD) is assessed at baseline and 4-weeks during the Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy Test. The ratio of gastric counts of the meal in the proximal stomach to the distal stomach is used to compute the Intragastric meal distribution (IMD) which can be used as an indirect measure of Fundic Accommodation.

The Water Load Satiety Test (WLST) is the amount of water a patient can consume until full in 5 minutes. The volume of water is recorded. The change is computed as the volume of water ingested at baseline subtracted from the amount of water ingested at 4-weeks. A positive change indicates that the patient can ingest more water at 4-weeks than at baseline.

This safety outcome is computed by subtracting the baseline level of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) (U/L) from the 4-week level.

This safety outcome is computed by subtracting the baseline level of creatinine (mg/dL) from the 4-week level.

This safety outcome is computed by subtracting the baseline level of glucose (mg/dL) from the 4-week level.

This safety outcome is the frequency over the 4-weeks of the study of all reported adverse events using the v5.0 CTCAE classification system.

This safety outcome is the frequency over the 4-weeks of the study of all reported adverse events' severity grade as classified by the NCI's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0). For the patient with 2 AE's, the AE with the maximum severity is reported.

Serious Adverse Event (SAE) defined by the FDA as an event meeting one or more of the following criteria; inpatient hospitalization or prolonged existing hospitalization; persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of ability to conduct normal life functions; jeopardized patient and required medical or surgical intervention to prevent a serious event; or congenital anomaly or birth defect.

Hospitalization events by treatment arm were reported on the Adverse Event Case-Report form at each visit and also at time of occurrence and tabulated at end of treatment visit for comparison between placebo and buspirone arms.

Adverse events were reported on the Adverse Event Report form by the principal investigator at each clinic site using the CTCAE v5 classification system.

Total of all reporting groups

Marital status: married or not married

Diagnosed with Diabetes, Type 1 at baseline: Yes or no.

Diagnosed with Diabetes Type 2 at baseline: Yes vs no.

The 9-item Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) total score rates gastroparesis symptom severity in the prior 2 weeks, determined by averaging 3 subscores: Nausea/Vomiting (average of 3 items: nausea, vomiting, retching), the Early Satiety/ Postprandial Fullness subscore (average of 4 items (stomach fullness, inability to finish a meal, feeling excessively full after meals, and loss of appetite) and the bloating subscore which is average of 2 items (bloating, stomach distention). The scale ranges from 0 to 5, where 0 is no symptoms and 5= very severe symptoms.

This subscale from the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey is the average of severity in the prior 2 weeks of nausea, vomiting, and retching symptoms on a scale of 0 to 5, where 0=none and 5=very severe symptoms.

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of nausea on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of retching in the prior 2-weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of vomiting in the prior 2-weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This measure is the average of early satiety/postprandial fullness symptom severity in the prior 2-weeks, comprised of 4 items on the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom (GCSI) inventory: the average of stomach fullness, inability to finish a normal-sized meal, feeling excessively full after meals, and loss of appetite symptom scores; rated on a scale of 0 (no symptoms) to 5 (very severe symptoms).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of stomach fullness in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of the inability to finish a normal sized meal in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of excessive fullness in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of loss of appetite in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is comprised of the average of 2 items (bloating, stomach or belly visibly larger on the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of average bloating symptoms the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of bloating in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is 1 item of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Index (GCSI) survey rating the severity of stomach distention or visibly larger belly or stomach in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is the average of 2 items, upper abdominal (above the navel) pain, Upper abdominal (above the navel) discomfort, on the Patient assessment of upper gastrointestinal symptom severity index (PAGI-SYM) survey rating the severity of upper abdominal pain/discomfort in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

This is the average of 7 items: Heartburn during the day; heartburn while lying down; regurgitation (fluid or liquid from your stomach coming up into your throat) during the day; regurgitation while lying down; feeling of discomfort inside your chest during the day; feeling of discomfort during sleep time; bitter, acid or sour taste in your mouth, on the Patient assessment of upper gastrointestinal symptom severity index (PAGI-SYM) survey rating the severity of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (GERD) in the prior 2 weeks on a scale from 0 (none) to 5 (very severe).

The 15-item disease-specific Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) total score is an average 5 symptom clusters: Reflux, Abdominal pain, Indigestion, Diarrhoea and Constipation; each item is rated not (0) to very severe discomfort (7) of the symptom in the past week.

The Patient Health Questionnaire somatization severity scale (PHQ-15) total score is comprised of 15 somatic symptoms rated from 0 (not) to 2 (very bothered a lot) in the prior 4 weeks, ranging from 0 to 30 where 30 is very severe level of somatization.

American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index-Daily Diary (ANMS GCSI-DD) has the patient report their gastroparesis symptoms from 0 (none) to 4 (very severe) on a daily basis. The Daily Diary Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI-DD) total score is comprised of the average of feeling excessively full after meals and unable to finish a normal size meal, nausea and bloating severity. The baseline score is the average of the 7-days of ANMS GCSI-DD scores during the screening period.

Patient Assessment of Upper GastroIntestinal Disorders-Quality of Life (PAGI-QOL), disease-specific QOL questionnaire total score assesses the impact of a patient's disease related to avoiding or having difficulties in the prior 2 weeks due to the patient's gastrointestinal issues rated for 30 items scored from 0 (none) to 5 (all of the time). The total score is the average of 5 domains: Daily Activities, Clothing, Diet and Food Habits, Relationships, and Psychological Well-Being and Distress after reversing item scores so that a low score reflects poor QOL and higher scores reflect high QOL.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire is a 14-item scale, that measures 2 subscores: the amount of anxiety, (HADS-A total score) and the level of depression (HADS-D total score), in the prior 2 weeks. Each subscore is 8 items scored from 0 (not at all) to 3 (most of the time) and is computed on a scale of 0 to 21, so that higher scores indicate more severe anxiety or depression.

The Short-Form 36 v2 is a short-form general health survey that measures each of the following eight health domains: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health. Each health domain score contributes to the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores. Each summary score is standardized to range from 0 (very poor QOL) to 100 (excellent QOL).

The Intragastric meal distribution (IMD) is assessed at baseline during the Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy Test. The ratio of gastric counts of the meal in the proximal stomach to the distal stomach is used to compute the Intragastric meal distribution (IMD) which can be used as an indirect measure of Fundic Accommodation.

A total of 32 of the 96 patients randomized did not have evaluable data required for the analysis of the intra-gastric meal distribution (16 Buspirone, 16 Placebo patients).

Placebo capsule orally three times daily, 30 minutes before each meal, for 4-weeks; manufactured to look identical to buspirone capsule

Placebo: "Sugar" pill manufactured to mimic buspirone 10 mg tablet

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of stomach fullness severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptoms Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score.

All participants assigned to the arm with 4-week visit data

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of feeling excessively full after meals severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score.

All participants assigned to the arm with a 4-week visit and data for excessive fullness severity.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of inability to finish a normal-sized meal severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

All participants assigned to the arm with a 4-week visit.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of loss of appetite severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates symptom improvement.

All participants assigned to the arm with a 4-week visit and values for loss of appetite severity.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) total score, which is computed as the average of the 3 subscores on the GCSI survey: 3-item early satiety/postprandial fullness subscore, the nausea/vomiting subscore (average of 3-items: nausea, retching, vomiting), and bloating subscore (average of 2-items: bloating, stomach visibly larger). Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks; the total score ranges from 0 to 5. The change is computed as the total score at 4-weeks minus the baseline total score. A negative change indicates improved symptoms.

All patients with 4-week visit data for GCSI.

The outcome is assessed using the self-reported nausea/vomiting subscore, which is computed as the average of 3 scores for 3-items on the Gastrointestinal Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey: nausea, retching, vomiting. Each item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms in the past 2-weeks. The change is computed as the subscore at 4-weeks minus the baseline subscore. Negative change indicates improvement in symptoms.

All participants assigned to the arm with a 4-week visit and data for the nausea/vomiting subscore.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of nausea severity item from the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score.

All participants assigned to the arm with a 4-week visit and data for the nausea severity.

The outcome is assessed using self-reported assessment of vomiting severity in the prior 2-weeks using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) survey. The item is scored from 0 (no) to 5 (very severe) symptoms; the change is computed as the score at 4-weeks minus the baseline score. A negative change indicates improvement in vomiting severity.

All participants assigned to the arm with a 4-week visit and data for vomiting severity.