Comparison of Pupillometry-guided Anesthesia With Surgical Pleth Index Guided Anesthesia

Comparison of Pupillometry-guided With Surgical Pleth Index (SPI) Guided General Anesthesia on Perioperative Opioid Consumption and Pain Intensity: a Pilot Study

In this study, the investigators measure a pupil size every 5 minutes during the operation in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The investigators would compare the intraoperative opioid consumption and postoperative pain between the group adjusted the anesthetic drug concentration based on the changes of the pupil (Pupil group) and the group based on the changes of a surgical pleth index (SPI group).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged 20 to 65 yr, American Society of Anesthesiologist Physical status(ASA PS) I to II, scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of ophthalmologic diseases such as Horner's syndrome or Sjogren's disease.
• Presence of neurologic or metabolic diseases
• Medicated that could interfere with the autonomous nervous system (e.g., b- blockers, anticholinergics)
• History of substance abuse or psychiatric disease
• with chronic pain or preoperative analgesics
• with pacemaker or arrhythmia