The purpose of this project is to increase the serum immunological defenses of premature infants less then 32 weeks of gestation by administrating colostrum in the oropharyngeal mucosa versus placebo

Prematurity is a public health problem because premature newborns have an immature immune system. Breast milk (colostrum) contains bioactive components that provide antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory functions. These bioactive components are in higher concentrations in mothers' colostrum of premature babies. Because of the morbidities presented by premature infants, they remain fasting and lack the potential benefit provided by colostrum. When the colostrum is placed in the oropharyngeal mucosa, the immunocompetent cells stimulate the immune system, increasing the serum concentrations of immunoglobulins.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of early administration of colostrum in the oropharyngeal mucosa in preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestation and its effect on the immune system by quantifying immunoglobulins in preterm infants born at the National Institute of Perinatology. .

Methods / Design: 1 year, double blind randomized controlled clinical trial. The newborns included will be randomly assigned to one of the 2 groups: Group 1:, newborns receiving colostrum 0.3 mL every 4 hours in the oropharyngeal mucosa, for 3 days.

Newborns from Block B will receive orally sterile water (placebo) 0.3 mL following the same protocol. Serum immunoglobulin A, M and G concentrations will be determined before the start of the study on day 0 of life and after 7 and 28 days of life. They will continue in time until 36 SDG or at discharge, whichever comes first.

Inclusion Criteria:

• NEWBORN 32 Gestational weeks
• Hospitalized in neonatal intensive care Unit
• Agreement signed by the legal representative

Exclusion Criteria:

• Intraventricular haemorrhage II/IV grade
• Congenital sepsis (early sepsis)
• Congenital malformations
• Early transfusions

Patients will be registered in a SPSS database

The Data will be available in 2019, after the protocol is finished, for a month

Masking Description: The colostrum and placebo will be preparing by a Human Milk Bank person, who will be knowing the treatment of both 2nd and 1st group. Both colostrum and placebo, will be administrating by nursing staff in syringes in such a way that it is not detected that it contains each of them. Neither the parents of the participants nor the researchers will be involved in the care or analysis of the data, until the end of the study.