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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre | OTHER |
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This is an acute human bioavailability study in self-reported healthy participants aged 20-70 years old. The investigators hypothesize that combination of polyphenolics from a soup rich in rutin and quercitin and the non-digestible carbohydrate (NDC) inulin will increase the production of phenolic acids by bacteria in the human colon and these will be detected in urine. Participants will attend for three arms in a randomized order: Tomato, onion and lovage soup (high polyphenol food), Inulin (NDC) or Mixture of tomato, onion and lovage soup and inulin.
During each feeding study, urine, blood and stool samples will be collected at regular intervals for the duration of 24 hrs after consumption of test food. Participants will be asked to follow a low polyphenol diet for 2 days prior to the feeding study.
Polyphenol rich plant foods have been associated with several health benefits but their bioavailability is generally low. The majority of plant polyphenols are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and enter the colon where the colonic microbiota metabolise them to release a range of phenolic acids, which are now thought to be the main bioactive components related to the reduction in disease risk. Very little is known about the impact of other constituents of the diet on the metabolism and bacterial catabolism of these polyphenols.
Colonic bacteria are key agents in the release of the bioactive molecules from polyphenols but also ferment non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) such as inulin to short chain fatty acids. It is likely that there are key interactions in the colonic bacterial metabolism of NDC and phenolics. The investigators hypothesize that combination of polyphenolics (in onions, tomatoes and lovage) with inulin (NDC) will increase the urinary output of bioactive phenolic acids.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato, onion & lovage soup with inulin | Experimental | One dose of tomato (300g), onion (100g) & lovage (20g) with 10g inulin will be given to subjects in the form of a soup |
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| Tomato, onion & lovage soup | Experimental | One dose of tomato (300g), onion (100g) & lovage (20g) will be given to subjects in the form of a soup |
|
| Inulin | Experimental | One dose of 10g inulin will be given to subjects in the form of a drink |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato, onion & lovage soup with inulin | Dietary Supplement | Source of polyphenols and non digestible carbohydrate |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Phenolic acids bioavailability | Urine excretion of phenolic acids (µg) will be measured with GC-MS | 0-24 hrs |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Glycaemic measurements | Plasma glucose (mmol/L), insulin (mU/L) will be measured by commercial kits | 0-8 hrs |
| Appetite hormones measurements | Appetite hormone (PYY) levels in plasma (pg/mL) will be measured by commercial Elisa kit |
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Inclusion Criteria:
• Self-reported healthy adults
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Christine Edwards, PhD | University of Glasgow | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Medicine, Nursing and Dentistry, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow | Glasgow | Lanarkshire | G31 2ER | United Kingdom |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21781364 | Background | Russell W, Duthie G. Plant secondary metabolites and gut health: the case for phenolic acids. Proc Nutr Soc. 2011 Aug;70(3):389-96. doi: 10.1017/S0029665111000152. | |
| 19415668 | Background | Roowi S, Mullen W, Edwards CA, Crozier A. Yoghurt impacts on the excretion of phenolic acids derived from colonic breakdown of orange juice flavanones in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 May;53 Suppl 1:S68-75. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200800287. |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Jul 2, 2018 | Jul 2, 2018 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007444 | Inulin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013213 | Starch |
| D005936 | Glucans |
| D001704 | Biopolymers |
| D011108 | Polymers |
| D046911 |
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Acute human bioavailability studies with a cross-over design. Subjects will be given a soup or drink in one of three combinations
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| Tomato, onion & lovage soup | Dietary Supplement | Source of polyphenols |
|
| Inulin | Dietary Supplement | Source of non digestible carbohydrate |
|
| 0-8 hrs |
| Mouth to caecum transit time | Mouth to caecum transit time (in hours/mins) will be calculated from sustained rise in breath hydrogen level measurements by hydrogen monitor | 0-8 hrs |
| Gastric emptying time | Gastric emptying time (in hours/mins) will be estimated using kinetics of plasma paracetamol levels measured by acetaminophen assay kits | 0-6 hrs |
| 18034749 | Background | Tamura M, Nakagawa H, Tsushida T, Hirayama K, Itoh K. Effect of pectin enhancement on plasma quercetin and fecal flora in rutin-supplemented mice. J Food Sci. 2007 Nov;72(9):S648-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00557.x. |
| Macromolecular Substances |
| D004040 | Dietary Carbohydrates |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D005630 | Fructans |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |