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Recently, promising evidences that blocking PD-1 and PD-L1 is an efficacious way to treat advanced stage bladder cancer patients. Atezolimumab is the first PD-L1 inhibitor approved by US FDA for advanced UBC in June 2014. These novel agents will become the standard therapy for unhopeful UBC patients who fail to respond to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and finally, the first-line treatment would be changed from cisplatin-based chemotherapy to immune check point inhibitors for advanced UBC, particularly neoadjuvant setting.
Additionally, along with enormous analysis of genomic landscape of bladder cancer, a consensus was reached regarding the existence of a group of Basal-Squamous-like tumors - designated BASQ - characterized the high expression of KRT5/6 and KRT14 and low/undetectable expression of FOXA1 and GATA3. This novel molecular classification can improve the identification of optimal patient population for different treatment modalities. Specifically, luminal type and basal type may have different treatment response and prognosis after initial definitive treatment, such as neoadjuvant treatments.
However, there is no evidence for this topic, particularly the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant PD-L1 inhibitors according to the BASQ classification in patients with advanced urothelial bladder cancer.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Luminal type | Experimental | Luminal type in previous transurethral resection of bladder tumor pathology. Luminal type in Immunohistochemistry (KRT5/6-KRT14-FOXA1+GATA3+) |
|
| Basal typr | Experimental | Basal type in previous transurethral resection of bladder tumor pathology. Basal type in Immunohistochemistry (KRT5/6+KRT14+FOXA1-GATA3-) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant atezolizumab | Drug | Atezolimumab
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| objective pathological responses (pT0 change) | Final pathology of bladder after operation (radical cystectomy) | 4weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| progression-free survival at 1yr | progression-free survival at 1yr | 1year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ja Hyeon Ku, M.D.,PH.D | Contact | +82-2-2072-0361 | randyku@hanmail.net | |
| Hyeongdong Yuk, M.D. | Contact | +82-2-2072-1968 | hinayuk@naver.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ja Hyeon Ku, M.D.,PH.D | Seoul National University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12944571 | Background | Grossman HB, Natale RB, Tangen CM, Speights VO, Vogelzang NJ, Trump DL, deVere White RW, Sarosdy MF, Wood DP Jr, Raghavan D, Crawford ED. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus cystectomy compared with cystectomy alone for locally advanced bladder cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003 Aug 28;349(9):859-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022148. | |
| 16034041 | Background |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002295 | Carcinoma, Transitional Cell |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002277 | Carcinoma |
| D009375 | Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial |
| D009370 | Neoplasms by Histologic Type |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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Prospective study
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| von der Maase H, Sengelov L, Roberts JT, Ricci S, Dogliotti L, Oliver T, Moore MJ, Zimmermann A, Arning M. Long-term survival results of a randomized trial comparing gemcitabine plus cisplatin, with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, plus cisplatin in patients with bladder cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jul 20;23(21):4602-8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.07.757. |
| 24476821 | Background | Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Comprehensive molecular characterization of urothelial bladder carcinoma. Nature. 2014 Mar 20;507(7492):315-22. doi: 10.1038/nature12965. Epub 2014 Jan 29. |
| 24960601 | Background | Choi W, Czerniak B, Ochoa A, Su X, Siefker-Radtke A, Dinney C, McConkey DJ. Intrinsic basal and luminal subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2014 Jul;11(7):400-10. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.129. Epub 2014 Jun 24. |
| 27939400 | Background | Balar AV, Galsky MD, Rosenberg JE, Powles T, Petrylak DP, Bellmunt J, Loriot Y, Necchi A, Hoffman-Censits J, Perez-Gracia JL, Dawson NA, van der Heijden MS, Dreicer R, Srinivas S, Retz MM, Joseph RW, Drakaki A, Vaishampayan UN, Sridhar SS, Quinn DI, Duran I, Shaffer DR, Eigl BJ, Grivas PD, Yu EY, Li S, Kadel EE 3rd, Boyd Z, Bourgon R, Hegde PS, Mariathasan S, Thastrom A, Abidoye OO, Fine GD, Bajorin DF; IMvigor210 Study Group. Atezolizumab as first-line treatment in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2017 Jan 7;389(10064):67-76. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32455-2. Epub 2016 Dec 8. |
| 33060077 | Derived | Yuk HD, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim H, Moon KC, Ku JH. Efficacy of neoadjuvant atezolizumab treatment in patients with advanced urothelial bladder cancer according to the BASQ classification: a study protocol for an open-label, two-cohort, phase II trial. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 15;10(10):e035530. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035530. |