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Introduction Non-specific low back pain is very prevalent in our society. Different effective physiotherapy treatments have been performed in the reduction of pain and improvement of quality of life, however there are few studies that exist on the effectiveness of these treatments in protocol format based on manual therapy. On the other hand, there are no studies that implement a protocol of therapeutic exercises called abdominal hypopressives.
The aim of the study is to study the effect of a manual therapy protocol on non-specific low back pain and the implementation of hypopressive exercises in different areas such as disability, pain, flexibility and quality of life.
Material and methods
Participants The sample will consist of subjects with non-specific low back pain. Inclusion criteria
-Participants with nonspecific lumbar pain of at least 4 pain crises a month with recurrent low back pain.
Exclusion criteria
Study design A randomized clinical trial will be conducted. The sample will be divided into 2 groups: Group 1 will receive a manual therapy protocol that has previously shown its effectiveness in non-specific low back pain being 1 session a week, while group 2 will receive a protocol of hypopressive therapeutic exercises.
Evaluations
At the beginning of the study, a clinical interview will be carried out and, in addition, 3 evaluations will be carried out: at the beginning, at the end of the treatment and one follow-up per month. The investigators will use the following evaluation tools:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manual Therapy | Active Comparator | Manual Therapy Protocol
|
|
| Hypopressive exercises | Experimental | Protocol of 5 Hypopressive Exercises |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manual Therapy | Other |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intensity of pain | Visual Analog Scale. The participants are asked to mark the intensity of pain from 1 to 10, with 1 being almost non-existent and 10 being the worst pain imaginable. | 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Low Back Pain Disability | Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Scale. Oswestry Low Back Pain Scale: The questionnaire consists of 10 questions in which he assesses the impact of the patient's back pain on daily life activities:
|
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gemma v. Espí López | Valencia | 46010 | Spain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017116 | Low Back Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001416 | Back Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026201 | Musculoskeletal Manipulations |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
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| Hypopressive exercises | Other | Protocol 5 Hypopressive exercises |
|
| 8 weeks |
| Algometry of spinous processes and lumbar muscles. | The evaluation of muscle pain was performed by algometry. The algometer evaluates the perceptual sensitivity of the pain through the pressure threshold looking for the stimulation of the nociceptors with a minimum pressure necessary to trigger discomfort at a certain point and the tolerance of the patient. The evaluator locates the point and places the pointer of the perpendicular algometer increasing the pressure force with a constant speed of 1Kg / cm² / s in a uniform and continuous way until the perception of the sensitive point, the patient informs the evaluator, he stops exerting pressure and take the corresponding record, so that the evaluator can not see the results. Between measurements, an interval of 30 seconds is left. | 8 weeks |
| Lumbar flexion | Lumbar flexibility. It was measured with the Sit-and-reach (SR) test. It has been used to assess the overall flexibility on the finger-floor distance method. The test is conducted with a box designed for this purpose which has a vertical scale with a range of 50 cm (25 cm negative and 25cm positive). The subject remains standing on it, leaving the arms and trunk relaxed, then flexes the trunk forward and maintains its maximum flexion for 3 seconds. The evaluator is placed next to the scale and records the furthest measurement touched by the fingertips of both hands. If each hand reaches a different measurement, then the shortest one is registered. This is repeated 3 times and the most favourable measurement is registered. | 8 weeks |
| Health status | SF-36 is a health questionnaire, both physical and metal. It contains 36 items comprising 8 health status sub-scales. It includes different dimensions (Bodily Pain, Perceptions, Mental Health, Physical Function, Role-physical, Role-emotional, Social Function, and Vitality). Positive and negative health statuses are assessed. To evaluate each dimension, the items are transformed on a scale from 0 to 100. The result is obtained by summation of all the questions, in which 0 is the worst and 100 the best result and state of health. | 8 weeks |
| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |