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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the postoperative pain and discomfort using flurbiprofen axetil or nalbuphine administration after orbital decompression under general anesthesia.
To investigate postoperative analgesia achieved with intraoperative administration of intravenous nalbuphine and flurbiprofen axetil in patients undergoing orbital decompression
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| flurbiprofen axetil | Active Comparator | flurbiprofen axetil intraoperative administration 100mg |
|
| nalbuphine | Experimental | nalbuphine intraoperative administration 0.1mg/kg |
|
| nalbuphine and flurbiprofen axetil | Experimental | flurbiprofen axetil intraoperative administration 100mg and nalbuphine intraoperative administration 0.1mg/kg |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nalbuphine | Drug | Nalbuphine administration during surgery |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain after orbital decompression | Pain levels measured using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents the worst pain imaginable ; this scale has been confirmed to be sensitive and reliable.Clinically significant postoperative pain was considered serious pain (NRS score ≥5). | 24 hour after recovery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Discomfort after orbital decompression | Discomfort levels were measured using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no discomfort and 10 represents the worst discomfort; this scale has been confirmed to be sensitive and reliable. Discomfort was defined as "sensation other than pain" and included nausea, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. Clinically significant postoperative discomfort was considered serious discomfort (NRS score ≥5) any time postoperatively. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Huijing Ye | Sun Yat-sen University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun Yat-sen University | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510000 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009266 | Nalbuphine |
| C504422 | flurbiprofen axetil |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009019 | Morphinans |
| D053610 | Opiate Alkaloids |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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| Flurbiprofen Axetil |
| Drug |
Flurbiprofen axetil administration during surgery |
|
| Nalbuphine and Flurbiprofen Axetil | Drug | Nalbuphine and Flurbiprofen Axetil administration during surgery |
|
| 24 hour after recovery |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D006572 |
| Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring |
| D006576 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D010616 | Phenanthrenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |