The purpose of this project was to analysis the causes, pathogenesis, diagnostic modalities and treatment outcomes of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis.

Microsporidia comprise a diverse group of obligate spore-forming intracellular eukaryotic pathogens first described in immunocompromised patients. Many species of microsporidia are found in aquatic environments, and they are considered as waterborne pathogens.Microsporidia are opportunistic pathogens that are reported to cause infections in various organs, including the eyes. The ocular appearance of this infection can manifest as corneal stromal keratitis or a superficial punctate keratoconjunctivitis. In particular, the characteristic feature of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis is multiple whitish, slightly elevated epithelial lesions in conjunction with acute conjunctivitis. Awareness of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis is increasing, and the number of cases reported is on the rise. This study was a retrospective case series of patients diagnosed as microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis. The purpose of this project was to analysis the causes, pathogenesis, diagnostic modalities and treatment outcomes of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed as microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed as bacterial or viral keratoconjunctivitis

Microsporidia keratoconjunctivitis diagnosed at the National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH)