Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
This was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Seventy-six patients who underwent spinal anesthesia for surgery were randomized into the Shotblocker group or Control group. Before the insertion of a 25-gauge spinal needle, Shotblocker was applied just before the spinal needle insertion in the Shotblocker group. 10-cm visual analog scale to evaluate the pain intensity of spinal needle insertion and a five-point scale for patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shotblocker Group | Active Comparator | Patients spinal injections were performed with Shotblocker placed onto injection site |
|
| Placebo Group | Placebo Comparator | Patients spinal injections were performed without Shotblocker |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shotblocker | Procedure | Patients spinal injections were performed with Shotblocker placed onto injection site |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Assessment of pain during spinal needle insertion with 10 cm VAS (Visual Analog Scale) | Assessment of pain during spinal needle insertion will be marked on 10 cm VAS scale 0-10 ( 0:no pain 10:Worst possible pain ) by the patient and will be measured | 2 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Five point scale for patient satisfaction | 5 very good, 4 good, 3 satisfactory, 2 unpleasant, 1 very unpleasant | 1 minutes |
| Five point scale for anesthesists satisfaction | 5 very good, 4 good, 3 satisfactory, 2 unpleasant, 1 very unpleasant |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBU Sultan Abdulhamid Han | Istanbul | Asia | 34668 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28437308 | Background | Caglar S, Buyukyilmaz F, Cosansu G, Caglayan S. Effectiveness of ShotBlocker for Immunization Pain in Full-Term Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2017 Apr/Jun;31(2):166-171. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000256. | |
| 26263287 | Background | Celik N, Khorshid L. The Use of ShotBlocker for Reducing the Pain and Anxiety Associated With Intramuscular Injection: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study. Holist Nurs Pract. 2015 Sep-Oct;29(5):261-71. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000105. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Placebo | Procedure | Patients spinal injections were performed without Shotblocker |
|
| 1 minutes |
| 19851160 | Background | Cobb JE, Cohen LL. A randomized controlled trial of the ShotBlocker for children's immunization distress. Clin J Pain. 2009 Nov-Dec;25(9):790-6. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181af1324. |
| 19497458 | Background | Drago LA, Singh SB, Douglass-Bright A, Yiadom MY, Baumann BM. Efficacy of ShotBlocker in reducing pediatric pain associated with intramuscular injections. Am J Emerg Med. 2009 Jun;27(5):536-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2008.04.011. |
| 10193230 | Background | Koscielniak-Nielsen Z, Hesselbjerg L, Brushoj J, Jensen MB, Pedersen HS. EMLA patch for spinal puncture. A comparison of EMLA patch with lignocaine infiltration and placebo patch. Anaesthesia. 1998 Dec;53(12):1218-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00608.x. |
| 8956393 | Background | Sharma SK, Gajraj NM, Sidawi JE, Lowe K. EMLA cream effectively reduces the pain of spinal needle insertion. Reg Anesth. 1996 Nov-Dec;21(6):561-4. |