PI left the institution

The purpose of the study is to determine if early application of the Tortle Midliner for preterm infants, ≤ 3 hours following birth and with subsequent continuous use through 72 hrs. of life to ensure maintenance of optimal midline positioning (Tortle group), will impact the IVH outcome as determined by a reduction in the rate and/or severity of IVH when compared to infants receiving the standard regimen of care (Control group).

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is defined as bleeding into the ventricles of the premature infant brain-the highest risk for the lowest gestational ages. IVH almost always occurs between birth and the first 72 hours of life. The four grades of IVH are based on the degree of bleeding; the greater the severity of the bleed, the more likely to have a poor outcome. Complications can include hydrocephalus, mental retardation, cerebral palsy and seizures. Neurologic sequelae can lead to death. Even for low grade bleeds the studies show the negative effects on cognitive scores and an increased incidence of learning disabilities. In addition, these same children often suffer from attention deficit disorder and other behavioral dysfunctions, which require intervention in order for the child to successfully integrate into school and society.

Since increased risk of IVH can be associated with changes of intracranial pressure, many medical protocols have established IVH bundles which are designed to help reduce fluctuations in intracranial pressure while managing the micro-preemie infant during the first few days of life.

The correlation between IVH and head positioning of the extremely low birth weight infants has made its way into research literature suggesting that venous obstruction can result from increased external pressure on the venous system when the micro-preemie infant has their head positioned to the side rather than maintaining a neutral position.

Therefore, the investigators are aiming to conduct a prospective randomized controlled trial in order to answer the research question: Does early use of the Tortle Midliner reduce the incidence and/or level of severity of intraventricular hemorrhage if used in infants born at ≤ 30 6/7 weeks and neutral position is maintained for the first 72 hours of life? The investigators hypothesize that the use of early consistent neutral positioning compared to the standard care (nested positioning) practiced in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) will reduce the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants born at ≤ 30 6/7 weeks and have a positive effect on the incidence and/or level of severity of intraventricular hemorrhage in this population.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Gestational age less than or equal to 30 6/7 weeks at birth
2. Less than 3 hours from birth
3. Informed consent obtained from parent or legal guardian prior to reaching time point for randomization

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of genetic/chromosomal abnormality, congenital hydrocephalus, congenital neuromuscular disorder, or other diagnosis determined to impact survival or generalizability of results
2. Unable to participate for any reason based on the decision of the principal investigator.
3. Infants born outside Winnie Palmer Hospital for Women and Babies

Study data will be shared by publication

Adverse events were followed from enrollment to discharge. Both groups meet criteria for a head ultrasound at 6-8 days of life. The results of the last head ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain before discharge will be collected. The duration from birth to discharge depends on the subject's medical needs. A duration of "Hospital Stay in Days" was collected as a variable. From enrollment to hospital discharge, the average timeframe was 72 days.

The device, Tortle Midliner, solely impacts the skin contact areas. Only adverse events related to skin breakdown requiring wound care consultation with wound treatment will be reported as an adverse event. The principal investigator will evaluate adverse events related to skin integrity.

Any death will be reported as a serious adverse event according to Orlando Health IRB policy.

The investigator left the institution prematurely, The final study number of participants in both arms was small. More studies should be completed and evaluated.