Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Pain after hepatectomy can interfere with the patients' recovery and may contribute to developing long term pain. Opioids, e.g. morphine, fentanyl, sufentanil, works well for postoperative analgesia, but have several side effects such as nausea, vomiting and itching which may be severe enough to affect patients' recovery. In some cases, opioids may cause constipation and urinary retention within the first 24 hours after surgery. Thus, several ultrasound-guided nerve block procedures have been applied to provide postoperative analgesia. Ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is one of the most used nerve block methods using for post-hepatectomy analgesia. However, in some cases, ultrasound-guided TPVB can cause pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax, and higher block level. The quadratus lumborum block (QLB) is a new developed nerve block which can provide a widespread analgesic effect from T7 to L1. Therefore, this study is to determine whether QLB or TPVB have a better pain control with fewer side effects and complications after laparoscopic and open hepatectomy. The adequate pain control will be assessed by their visual analogue score (VAS) and the postoperative quality of recovery scale (QoR-15, Chinese Version). Additionally, the side effect and complications profile of these two nerve block techniques will also be recorded and compared.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCA for Open Hepatectomy | Other | Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in Open hepatectomy (PCA solution: 2 μg/kg weight sufentanil and 8.96 mg tropisetron mesylate diluted in 100 ml normal saline；PCA parameters: loading dose: 2 ml, background infusion: 2ml/h, bolus: 0.5ml, lockout-time: 15min; PCA duration: 48 hours from the end of suturing) |
|
| QLB for Open Hepatectomy | Experimental | Bilateral quadratus lumborum block with 20 ml 0.375% ropivacaine each side(maximum total dose 3 mg/kg) combine Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (same as PCA for Open hepatectomy Arm) |
|
| TPVB for Open hepatectomy | Experimental | T6+T8 of thoracic paravertebral block with 15 ml 0.375% ropivacaine each segment (maximum total dose 3 mg/kg) combine Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (same as PCA for Open hepatectomy Arm) |
|
| PCA for Laparoscopic Hepatectomy | Other | Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in Laparoscopic hepatectomy (same as PCA for Open hepatectomy Arm) |
|
| QLB for Laparoscopic Hepatectomy |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia | Other | PCIA solution: 2 μg/kg weight sufentanil and 8.96 mg tropisetron mesylate diluted in 100 ml normal saline；PCIA parameters: loading dose: 2 ml, background infusion: 2ml/h, bolus: 0.5ml, lockout-time: 15min; PCA duration: 48 hours from the end of suturing |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VAS | The visual analogue scale (VAS) is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires. It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured. When responding to a VAS item, respondents specify their level of agreement to a statement by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points. In current study visual analogue scale is be adopt to assess pain of patients. The VAS ranges from 0-10,0 represents no pain and 10 represents the worst pain. | From 1 day before the surgery to the 2 days after surgery |
| QoR-15/Quality of Recovery Scale 15(QoR-15) | The Quality of Recovery-15 scale (QoR-15) is an easy-to-use score for assessing the quality of post-operative recovery. The QoR-15 is a 15-item questionnaire intended to measure QoR after anesthesia and surgery. It comprises five subscales: pain (n = 2), physical comfort (n = 5), physical independence (n = 2), psychological support (n = 2), and emotional state (n = 4) . Each item is scored from 0 to 10, and the possible total score ranges from 0 to 150. A higher total score means better patient QoR. | From 1 day before the surgery to the 2 days after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total opioids consumption | The total amount of opioids consumed during perioperative period | From admitting in operation room to 48 hours after hepatectomy |
| Opioids consumption during hepatectomy Intraoperative opioids consumption |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Junyun Fan, Bachelor | Contact | 0086-15920091179 | 86-020-627864 | 381774142@qq.com |
| Bingsha Chen, Bachelor | Contact | 0086-15802031635 | 1550688601@qq.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tao Tao, MD | Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University | Recruiting | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510515 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27156349 | Background | Go R, Huang YY, Weyker PD, Webb CA. Truncal blocks for perioperative pain management: a review of the literature and evolving techniques. Pain Manag. 2016 Oct;6(5):455-68. doi: 10.2217/pmt-2015-0012. Epub 2016 May 9. | |
| 27891579 | Background | Wikner M. Unexpected motor weakness following quadratus lumborum block for gynaecological laparoscopy. Anaesthesia. 2017 Feb;72(2):230-232. doi: 10.1111/anae.13754. Epub 2016 Nov 28. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Experimental |
Bilateral quadratus lumborum block 20 ml 0.375% ropivacaine each side(maximum total dose 3 mg/kg) combine Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (same as PCA for Open hepatectomy Arm) |
|
| TPVB for Laparoscopic Hepatectomy | Experimental | T6+T8 of thoracic paravertebral block with 15 ml 0.375% ropivacaine each segment (maximum total dose 3 mg/kg) combine Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (same as PCA for Open hepatectomy Arm) |
|
|
| Quadratus Lumborum Block | Other | Ultrasound-guided Quadratus lumborum block: A broadband (5-8 MHz) convex transducer will be placed transversely in the abdominal flank above the iliac crest to identify the external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis muscles and aponeurosis. Then the external oblique muscle will be followed posteriorly until its posterior border is visualized (hook sign), and the posterior aspect of the Quadratus lumborum muscle is confirmed. A 22-G, 11-mm, short-bevel facet needle will be advanced under direct ultrasound visualization in-plane from anterolateral to postero-medial. Then the 20 ml of 0.375 % ropivacaine will be injected into the lumbar inter-facial triangle (LIFT) behind the quadratus lumborum muscle using hydro-dissection. |
|
| Thoracic Paravertebral Block | Other | Ultrasound-guided Thoracic paravertebral block: The patient is placed in the lateral position, the spinous processes of T6 and T8 are identified and marks are made 2cm lateral to the spinous processes. The linear(L12-3) probe is placed transversally at the mark to identify the paravertebral space. Then a 22-G needle is inserted in-plane from lateral to medial and advanced until the tip reached the paravertebral space surrounded by the parietal pleura and the superior costotransverse ligament. Then 15 ml 0.375% ropivacaine is injected into the paravertebral space of T6 and T8. |
|
Total doses of opioids consumed during the surgical procedure intraoperatively
| At the end of surgical procedure |
| Opioids consumption after hepatectomy | Opioids consumption after hepatectomy which are administrated by Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) and by physician's order | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| First request of analgesia | Time to first request of rescue analgesic drug | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| Nausea | Incidence of postoperative nausea | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| Vomiting | Incidence of postoperative vomiting | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| Respiratory depression | Incidence of postoperative respiratory depression | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| Pruritus | Incidence of postoperative pruritus | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| Sedation Score | A score to evaluate patients' sedation deepness Sedation score will be assessed with 'Modified Observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) score'. The OAA/S Scale is composed of the following categories: (1) responsiveness, (2) speech, (3) facial expression, and (4) eyes. The OAA/S Scale can be scored in two ways: the composite score, with a range of 1 (deep sleep) to 5 (alert), in any one of the four assessment categories and the sum of the four component scores, where responsiveness has possible scores of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, speech has scores of 2, 3, 4 or 5, and facial expression and eyes have scores of 3, 4 or 5. | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| Time to first off-bed activity | Postoperative activity | Up to discharge from hospital |
| Lower extremity muscle strength | The muscle strength is divided into 6 levels.To observe the flexion of quadriceps. | Up to 48 postoperative hrs |
| 27315184 | Background | El-Boghdadly K, Elsharkawy H, Short A, Chin KJ. Quadratus Lumborum Block Nomenclature and Anatomical Considerations. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Jul-Aug;41(4):548-9. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000411. No abstract available. |
| 26225500 | Background | Blanco R, Ansari T, Girgis E. Quadratus lumborum block for postoperative pain after caesarean section: A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2015 Nov;32(11):812-8. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000299. |
| 28154824 | Background | Ueshima H, Otake H, Lin JA. Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:2752876. doi: 10.1155/2017/2752876. Epub 2017 Jan 3. |
| 24249997 | Background | Kadam VR. Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block as a postoperative analgesic technique for laparotomy. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Oct;29(4):550-2. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.119148. |
| 26735154 | Background | Murouchi T, Iwasaki S, Yamakage M. Quadratus Lumborum Block: Analgesic Effects and Chronological Ropivacaine Concentrations After Laparoscopic Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Mar-Apr;41(2):146-50. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000349. |
| 27939905 | Background | Murouchi T. Quadratus lumborum block intramuscular approach for pediatric surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2016 Dec;54(4):135-136. doi: 10.1016/j.aat.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Dec 9. No abstract available. |
| 27687315 | Background | Cardoso JM, Sa M, Reis H, Almeida L, Sampaio JC, Pinheiro C, Machado D. [Type II Quadratus Lumborum block for a sub-total gastrectomy in a septic patient]. Braz J Anesthesiol. 2018 Mar-Apr;68(2):186-189. doi: 10.1016/j.bjan.2016.09.009. Epub 2016 Sep 28. |
| 26174113 | Background | Baidya DK, Maitra S, Arora MK, Agarwal A. Quadratus lumborum block: an effective method of perioperative analgesia in children undergoing pyeloplasty. J Clin Anesth. 2015 Dec;27(8):694-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2015.05.006. Epub 2015 Jul 11. No abstract available. |
| 27997495 | Background | La Colla L, Uskova A, Ben-David B. Single-shot Quadratus Lumborum Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Minimally Invasive Hip Arthroplasty: A New Alternative to Continuous Lumbar Plexus Block? Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 Jan/Feb;42(1):125-126. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000523. No abstract available. |
| 27871532 | Background | Johnston DF, Sondekoppam RV. Continuous quadratus lumborum block analgesia for total hip arthroplasty revision. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Dec;35:235-237. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.08.002. Epub 2016 Sep 26. No abstract available. |
| 27761032 | Background | Chakraborty A, Khemka R, Datta T. Ultrasound-guided truncal blocks: A new frontier in regional anaesthesia. Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Oct;60(10):703-711. doi: 10.4103/0019-5049.191665. |
| 23927552 | Background | Visoiu M, Yakovleva N. Continuous postoperative analgesia via quadratus lumborum block - an alternative to transversus abdominis plane block. Paediatr Anaesth. 2013 Oct;23(10):959-61. doi: 10.1111/pan.12240. Epub 2013 Aug 9. |
| 26302669 | Background | Parras T, Blanco R. Randomised trial comparing the transversus abdominis plane block posterior approach or quadratus lumborum block type I with femoral block for postoperative analgesia in femoral neck fracture, both ultrasound-guided. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2016 Mar;63(3):141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2015.06.012. Epub 2015 Aug 22. English, Spanish. |
| 1489028 | Background | Lonnqvist PA, Hildingsson U. The caudal boundary of the thoracic paravertebral space. A study in human cadavers. Anaesthesia. 1992 Dec;47(12):1051-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb04200.x. |
| 21233114 | Background | Richardson J, Lonnqvist PA, Naja Z. Bilateral thoracic paravertebral block: potential and practice. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Feb;106(2):164-71. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq378. |
| 25304475 | Background | Chen H, Liao Z, Fang Y, Niu B, Chen A, Cao F, Mei W, Tian Y. Continuous right thoracic paravertebral block following bolus initiation reduced postoperative pain after right-lobe hepatectomy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;39(6):506-12. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000167. |
| 21490523 | Background | Pintaric TS, Potocnik I, Hadzic A, Stupnik T, Pintaric M, Novak Jankovic V. Comparison of continuous thoracic epidural with paravertebral block on perioperative analgesia and hemodynamic stability in patients having open lung surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011 May-Jun;36(3):256-60. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3182176f42. |
| 20301827 | Background | Renes SH, Bruhn J, Gielen MJ, Scheffer GJ, van Geffen GJ. In-plane ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block: a preliminary report of 36 cases with radiologic confirmation of catheter position. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;35(2):212-6. doi: 10.1097/aap.0b013e3181c75a8b. |
| 20685684 | Background | Marhofer P, Kettner SC, Hajbok L, Dubsky P, Fleischmann E. Lateral ultrasound-guided paravertebral blockade: an anatomical-based description of a new technique. Br J Anaesth. 2010 Oct;105(4):526-32. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq206. Epub 2010 Aug 3. |
| 19933536 | Background | O Riain SC, Donnell BO, Cuffe T, Harmon DC, Fraher JP, Shorten G. Thoracic paravertebral block using real-time ultrasound guidance. Anesth Analg. 2010 Jan 1;110(1):248-51. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c35906. Epub 2009 Nov 21. |
| 24071616 | Background | Abdallah FW, Morgan PJ, Cil T, McNaught A, Escallon JM, Semple JL, Wu W, Chan VW. Ultrasound-guided multilevel paravertebral blocks and total intravenous anesthesia improve the quality of recovery after ambulatory breast tumor resection. Anesthesiology. 2014 Mar;120(3):703-13. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000436117.52143.bc. |
| 26866299 | Background | Abrahams M, Derby R, Horn JL. Update on Ultrasound for Truncal Blocks: A Review of the Evidence. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Mar-Apr;41(2):275-88. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000372. |
| 26756911 | Background | Pace MM, Sharma B, Anderson-Dam J, Fleischmann K, Warren L, Stefanovich P. Ultrasound-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Blockade: A Retrospective Study of the Incidence of Complications. Anesth Analg. 2016 Apr;122(4):1186-91. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001117. |
| 18428988 | Background | Rozen WM, Tran TM, Ashton MW, Barrington MJ, Ivanusic JJ, Taylor GI. Refining the course of the thoracolumbar nerves: a new understanding of the innervation of the anterior abdominal wall. Clin Anat. 2008 May;21(4):325-33. doi: 10.1002/ca.20621. |
| 9052305 | Background | Horlocker TT, McGregor DG, Matsushige DK, Schroeder DR, Besse JA. A retrospective review of 4767 consecutive spinal anesthetics: central nervous system complications. Perioperative Outcomes Group. Anesth Analg. 1997 Mar;84(3):578-84. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199703000-00021. |
| 18501817 | Background | Page A, Rostad B, Staley CA, Levy JH, Park J, Goodman M, Sarmiento JM, Galloway J, Delman KA, Kooby DA. Epidural analgesia in hepatic resection. J Am Coll Surg. 2008 Jun;206(6):1184-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.12.041. Epub 2008 Apr 14. |
| 21384514 | Background | Clarke H, Chandy T, Srinivas C, Ladak S, Okubo N, Mitsakakis N, Holtzman S, Grant D, McCluskey SA, Katz J. Epidural analgesia provides better pain management after live liver donation: a retrospective study. Liver Transpl. 2011 Mar;17(3):315-23. doi: 10.1002/lt.22221. |
| 27281726 | Background | Schreiber KL, Chelly JE, Lang RS, Abuelkasem E, Geller DA, Marsh JW, Tsung A, Sakai T. Epidural Versus Paravertebral Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Open Liver Resection: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Jul-Aug;41(4):460-8. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000422. |
| 26955306 | Background | Abdelsalam K, Mohamdin OW. Ultrasound-guided rectus sheath and transversus abdominis plane blocks for perioperative analgesia in upper abdominal surgery: A randomized controlled study. Saudi J Anaesth. 2016 Jan-Mar;10(1):25-8. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.169470. |
| 27755488 | Background | Blanco R, Ansari T, Riad W, Shetty N. Quadratus Lumborum Block Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Pain After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Nov/Dec;41(6):757-762. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000495. |