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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Nottingham | OTHER |
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The DELIVER-MS study seeks to answer the question: Does early treatment with highly effective DMT improve the prognosis for people with MS? This is an area of significant controversy and no data currently exist to guide treatment choices for patients and clinicians. The study results will help guide overall treatment philosophy and will be applicable not only to a wide range of existing therapies but also to new therapies, meeting a significant unmet need in patient decision making and aiding the decision for medication approval by third parties.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| EHT: Early Highly-effective | Experimental | Participants randomized to the "EHT: Early Highly-effective" arm will receive one of the highly effective MS therapies (Ocrevus, Lemtrada, Tysabri, Rituximab, Kesimpta) as their initial disease modifying treatment. Interventions: one of the highly effective MS therapies The randomization affects only the INITIAL treatment received. Once that treatment has been initiated, any subsequent changes are made according to standard clinical practice, regardless of randomization group. |
|
| ESC: Escalation | Experimental | Participants randomized to the "ESC: Escalation" arm will receive any other approved MS therapy (not one of the EHT group) as their initial disease modifying treatment. Interventions: one of the MS therapies NOT in the highly effective group The randomization affects only the INITIAL treatment received. Once that treatment has been initiated, any subsequent changes are made according to standard clinical practice, regardless of randomization group. |
|
| OBS: Observational | No Intervention | Participants will not be restricted to a group of MS therapies. Participants enter this arm if they are not comfortable with randomization, are not eligible to receive any of the options in a randomized arm, or are not able to secure insurance coverage for any therapy in a randomized arm. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early Highly Effective Therapies Group | Drug | Highly Effective MS Therapy group of medications |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Brain volume loss, baseline to month 36 | To determine whether an EHT approach to DMT, defined as use of one of four monoclonal antibodies (alemtuzumab, natalizumab, rituximab, or ocrelizumab) as first-line therapy, is more effective than an escalation of treatment approach in reducing normalized whole brain volume loss measured using MRI in PwRRMS from Baseline to Month 36. | Baseline to 36 months |
| EDSS+, month 48 to month 108 | To determine whether an EHT approach to DMT, defined as use of one of six monoclonal antibodies (alemtuzumab, natalizumab, rituximab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, ublituximab) as first-line therapy, is more effective than an escalation of treatment approach in reducing time to reach a multidimensional composite comprised of EDSS+ worsening. EDSS+ worsening will be defined as worsening on ⩾ 1 of the 3 components: EDSS, 9HPT, or T25FW, which is confirmed at another visit after 12 months. EDSS worsening will be defined as a ⩾1.0-point increase from a baseline score of ⩽5.5 or a ⩾0.5-point increase from a baseline score of ⩾6.0. T25FW and 9HPT worsening will be defined as ⩾20% worsening from baseline. | 48 months to 108 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Brain volume loss, month 6 to month 36 | To determine whether an EHT approach to DMT, defined as use of one of four monoclonal antibodies (alemtuzumab, natalizumab, rituximab, or ocrelizumab) as first-line therapy, is more effective than an escalation of treatment approach in reducing normalized whole brain volume loss measured using MRI in PwRRMS from Month 6 to Month 36. | Month 6 to month 36 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Daniel Ontaneda, MD, MSc | The Cleveland Clinic | Principal Investigator |
| Nikos Evangelou, MD, DPhil | University of Nottingham | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus | Aurora | Colorado | 80045 | United States | ||
| University of Minnesota |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42218617 | Derived | Tallantyre EC, Planchon SM, Howard H, Mays J, Frowd N, Cohen JA, Coles A, Hersh CM, Miller DM, Dever M, Gray EH, LaRocca NG, Nakamura K, Bale C, Covey-Crump G, Alvarez E, Arun T, Brownlee WJ, Craner M, Freeman L, Frost N, Goldman MD, Gupta RK, Harding KE, Hobart J, Hutton GJ, Hyland MH, Kalra S, Kannan M, Kantarci O, Lashley D, Lily O, Mahad D, Nicholas JA, Nicholas R, Paling D, Pearson OR, Rice CM, Samudralwar R, Schmalstieg WF, Singh M, Zune The E, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zabeti A, Love TE, Gunzler DD, Liu Y, Gerry S, Evangelou N, Ontaneda D. Disease-modifying treatment preferences and decision-making in a multiple sclerosis randomized and observational clinical trial (DELIVER-MS). Mult Scler. 2026 Jun;32(7):722-736. doi: 10.1177/13524585261449988. Epub 2026 May 31. |
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| Escalation Therapies Group | Drug | Escalation MS Therapy group of medications |
|
|
| Proportion of participants with progression | Proportion of participants with a multidimensional composite comprised of EDSS progression (>1.5 points for those with EDSS of 0 at Baseline, ≥1.0 for those with EDSS of 0.5-5.0 at Baseline, and >0.5 points for those with EDSS above 5.0 at Baseline), 20% change in MSFC-4 subcomponents (T25FW, 9HPT), 10% in SDMT or, 1 line change in LCLA confirmed over 12 months. | Baseline to 36 months |
| Change in MSIS-29, baseline to 36 months | Change in MSIS-29 responses from participants | Baseline to 36 months |
| Change in Neuro-QOL, baseline to 36 months | 11 subscales, each is scored separately, there is no composite score Physical Domains: Upper Extremity Function (Fine Motor, ADL): Higher scores indicate: Better Functioning Lower Extremity Function (Mobility): Higher scores indicate: Better Functioning Fatigue: Higher scores indicate: Worse Functioning Sleep Disturbance: Higher scores indicate: Worse Functioning Mental Domains: Cognition Function: Higher scores indicate: Better Functioning Stigma: Higher scores indicate: Worse Functioning Anxiety: Higher scores indicate: Worse Functioning Depression: Higher scores indicate: Worse Functioning Positive Affect and Well -being: Higher scores indicate: Better Functioning Social Domains: Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities: Higher scores indicate: Better Functioning Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities: Higher scores indicate: Better Functioning | Baseline to 36 months |
| Time to reach SPMS, month 48 to month 108 | To determine the efficacy of an EHT approach as compared to an escalation approach as reflected by the following:
| 48 months to 108 months |
| Efficacy difference between EHT and ESC, month 48 to month 108 | To determine the efficacy of an EHT approach as compared to an escalation approach as reflected in the following patient-reported outcomes:
| 48 months to 108 months |
| Safety difference between EHT and ESC, month 48 to month 108 | To determine the safety of an EHT approach as compared to an escalation approach as reflected in the following:
| 48 months to 108 months |
| Minneapolis |
| Minnesota |
| 55455 |
| United States |
| Mayo Clinic | Rochester | Minnesota | 55902 | United States |
| Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health | Las Vegas | Nevada | 89106 | United States |
| University of Buffalo | Buffalo | New York | 14202 | United States |
| University Rochester Medical Center | Rochester | New York | 14642 | United States |
| University of Cincinnati | Cincinnati | Ohio | 45267 | United States |
| Cleveland Clinic | Cleveland | Ohio | 44195 | United States |
| Ohio Health | Columbus | Ohio | 43214 | United States |
| UT-Austin | Austin | Texas | 78712 | United States |
| Baylor College of Medicine, Houston | Houston | Texas | 77030 | United States |
| UTHealth-Houston | Houston | Texas | 77030 | United States |
| University of Virginia | Charlottesville | Virginia | 22903 | United States |
| Virginia Commonwealth University | Richmond | Virginia | 23284 | United States |
| University of Wisconsin-Madison | Madison | Wisconsin | 53705 | United States |
| University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire | Coventry | England | CV2 2DX | United Kingdom |
| The Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds General Infirmary | Leeds | England | LS1 3EX | United Kingdom |
| University Hospitals Leicester | Leicester | England | LE1 5WW | United Kingdom |
| Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital | London | England | W6 8RF | United Kingdom |
| University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University College Hospital | London | England | WC1N 3BG | United Kingdom |
| Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford Hospital | Manchester | England | M6 8HD | United Kingdom |
| Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital | Oxford | England | OX3 9DU | United Kingdom |
| University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Derriford Hospital | Plymouth | England | PL6 8DH | United Kingdom |
| Sheffield Teaching Hospitals | Sheffield | England | S5 7AT | United Kingdom |
| University Hospitals of North Midlands | Stoke | England | ST4 6QG | United Kingdom |
| Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh | Edinburgh | Scotland | EH16 4SA | United Kingdom |
| Cardiff and Vale University Local Health Board, University Hospital of Wales | Cardiff | Wales | CF14 4XW | United Kingdom |
| Aneurin Bevan Local Health Board Headquarters, Royal Gwent Hospital | Newport | Wales | NP19 0BH | United Kingdom |
| Swansea Bay University Local Health Board, Morriston Hospital | Swansea | Wales | SA6 6NL | United Kingdom |
| Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queens Medical Centre | Nottingham | NG7 2UH | United Kingdom |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020529 | Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000074323 | Alemtuzumab |
| C533411 | ocrelizumab |
| D000069442 | Natalizumab |
| D000069283 | Rituximab |
| C527517 | ofatumumab |
| C000619007 | ublituximab |
| D000068576 | Interferon beta-1b |
| D016899 | Interferon-beta |
| D000068717 | Glatiramer Acetate |
| C527525 | teriflunomide |
| D000068876 | Fingolimod Hydrochloride |
| D020755 | Coat Protein Complex I |
| C428112 | peginterferon beta-1a |
| D000068556 | Interferon beta-1a |
| D000069462 | Dimethyl Fumarate |
| D017338 | Cladribine |
| C578989 | siponimod |
| C000722501 | diroximel fumarate |
| C000607776 | ozanimod |
| C509058 | monomethyl fumarate |
| C550169 | ponesimod |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D061067 | Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized |
| D000911 | Antibodies, Monoclonal |
| D000906 | Antibodies |
| D007136 | Immunoglobulins |
| D007162 | Immunoproteins |
| D001798 | Blood Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D012712 | Serum Globulins |
| D005916 | Globulins |
| D058846 | Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived |
| D007370 | Interferon Type I |
| D007372 | Interferons |
| D016207 | Cytokines |
| D036341 | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |
| D013110 | Sphingosine |
| D000605 | Amino Alcohols |
| D000438 | Alcohols |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D011409 | Propylene Glycols |
| D006018 | Glycols |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D033921 | Vesicular Transport Proteins |
| D008565 | Membrane Proteins |
| D005650 | Fumarates |
| D003998 | Dicarboxylic Acids |
| D000144 | Acids, Acyclic |
| D002264 | Carboxylic Acids |
| D015762 | 2-Chloroadenosine |
| D000241 | Adenosine |
| D011684 | Purine Nucleosides |
| D011687 | Purines |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D003839 | Deoxyadenosines |
| D003853 | Deoxyribonucleosides |
| D009705 | Nucleosides |
| D009706 | Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides |
| D012263 | Ribonucleosides |
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