Indocyanine green is a fluorescent dye used for the intraoperative evaluation of tissue perfusion.

The aim of this study is to evaluate a possible correlation between rectosigmoid vascularization and surgical and clinical data including pre and post-operative bowel symptoms in patients needing surgery for rectosigmoid endometriosis.

Patients with symptomatic rectosigmoid endometriosis requiring laparoscopic surgery are included in the study.

Before surgery, bowel symptoms are assessed using validated questionnaires (Knowles-Eccersley-Scott-Symptom Questionnaire and Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index).

Indocyanine green is administered through peripheral line. A near-infrared (NIR) camera-head enables real-time direct visualization of bowel perfusion before and after the removal of the rectosigmoid nodule. Rectosigmoid tract perfusion is assessed before and after the removal of the nodule. To estimate the vascularization, a scale with a score between 0 and 4 is used.

After complete removal of rectosigmoid nodule, the post-operative follow-up will be the same as usual after intestinal endometriosis surgery. Postoperative bowel symptoms are evaluated using the same questionnaires.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of deep endometriosis based on clinical and transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasound examinations and, when necessary, magnetic resonance
• Patients with indication for removal of endometriosic lesions by laparoscopic surgery
• Obtaining Informed Consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known or suspected allergy to iodine
• Previous rectal surgery
• History of active pelvic infection
• Intra-abdominal or pelvic malignancy
• Pelvic radiation therapy
• Hyperthyroidism
• Liver dysfunction
• Serum creatinine > 2.0 mg/dL

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