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This study compares the efficacy and safety of two techniques, retrobulbar block versus intra-operative ketamine infusion, for control of post-operative pain occurring in patients undergoing ocular enucleation or evisceration performed under general anesthesia.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retrobulbar group | Active Comparator | Retrobulbar block |
|
| Ketamine group | Active Comparator | Intravenous analgesia |
|
| Control group | No Intervention | General anesthesia alone |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retrobulbar block | Procedure | Patients will receive a single retrobulbar injection with 3-4ml of an equal mixture of Lidocaine 2% & Bupivacaine 0.5% + Hyaluronidase (10 IU/ml), after induction of general anesthesia. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Time to the first post-operative rescue analgesia. | Time (measured in minutes) elapsed till the patient requires to receive his first post-operative rescue analgesic dose. | 24 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ahmed M El-Badawy, MD | Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University | Study Chair |
| Nazmy E Seif, MD | Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University | Cairo | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| D000377 | Agnosia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007649 | Ketamine |
| D000698 | Analgesia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003510 | Cyclohexanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
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|
| Ketamine | Procedure | Patients will receive a 0.5 mg/kg bolus followed by an infusion of 0.25 mg/kg/h of intravenous Ketamine, after induction of general anesthesia. |
|
|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D006838 |
| Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000760 | Anesthesia and Analgesia |