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This will be a randomized double blinded clinical study conducted in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia. Lidocaine group will receive intravenous bolus 1.5 mg/kg at induction followed by continuous infusion of 2 mg/kg/hr until the completion of surgery.Normal saline group will receive same amount of intravenous normal saline .The primary outcome will be postoperative pain using the NRS scale during first 24 hours and time to first analgesic request
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lidocaine group | Experimental | Lidocaine group will receive intravenous bolus 1.5 mg/kg at induction followed by continuous infusion of 2 mg/kg/hr until the completion of surgery |
|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | They will receive the same volume of 0.9% of normal saline as calculated for the experimental group |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lidocaine | Drug | Postoperative analgesic effects will be compared between lidocaine and normal saline group |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative Numeric Rating Scale(NRS) | Pain at rest and with cough or movement using the NRS scale, which ranges from 0 to 10; where 0 refers to no pain and 10 refers to most severe pain | 24 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total opioid consumption | Total morphine or morphine equivalent in milligram | 24 hours |
| Time to first analgesic request | Time to first analgesic (ketorolac) request (time counted after skin closure) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Vivek Kr Mahato, BDS | B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences | Dharān | 34464 | Nepal |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39376771 | Derived | Mahato VK, Dongol A, Acharya P, Yadav AK, Subedi A, Jaisani MR. "Can Perioperative Intravenous Lidocaine Decrease Postoperative Pain After Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeries?": A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2024 Oct;23(5):1240-1247. doi: 10.1007/s12663-022-01831-1. Epub 2022 Dec 20. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008012 | Lidocaine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000083 | Acetanilides |
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 |
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| Placebo | Drug | Postoperative anlagesic requirements will be calculated and compared with experimental group |
|
| 24 hours |
| Side effects | Number of patients with light headedness, sedation, nausea, vomiting will be documented | 24 hours |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |