vitamin D may have multiple functions, one of them is modulating reproductive processes and the reproductive role of vitamin D is highlighted by expression of the vitamin D receptors in testis, male reproductive tract and sperms

Semen analysis is the corner stone of infertility evaluation as it provides information on the functional status of the seminiferous tubules, epididymis and accessory sex glands. The methods on how the semen should be evaluated are provided by the World Health Organization Vitamin D is synthesized mainly in the skin, where ultraviolet ray B radiation converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to Vitamin D3. Then, Vitamin D3 undergoes two hydroxylation processes first in the liver and second in the kidney Serum 25(OH)D is the major circulating metabolite of vitamin D and reflects vitamin D inputs from cutaneous synthesis and dietary intake. The serum 25(OH)D level is the standard clinical measure of vitamin D status Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to various health disorders including boneheallth, cardiovascular, infectious, oncologic, musculoskeletal, neuropsychologic and reproductive disorders, as well as to overall mortality

Inclusion Criteria

• -males with different semen parameter finding
• Age: 20-50 years

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Varicocele.
2. Genital tract infections.
3. Primary and secondary hypogonadism
4. Hormonal therapy.
5. Calcium and vitamin D supplement.
6. Hepatic or renal failure
7. Diseases or drugs affecting vitamin D absorption -

The patients will be recruited from the out patient clinic of Andrology, Assuit university hospital.

One hundred and fifty individuals will be included divided into five groups according to semen parameters finding