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The aim of this study is to evaluate gastroesophageal reflux disease - health related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) after electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal dysmotility.
Background The growing burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) still impacts healthcare costs intensively. Although the treatment with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is effective in many cases, surgical treatment remains relevant due to a large amount of PPI refractory GERD. Laparoscopic fundoplication (LF) is considered as standard procedure, but this type of surgery is linked to side effects as dysphagia, gas bloating and inability to belch. Especially patients with ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) are prone to postoperative dysphagia after LF. Lower esophageal sphincter electrical stimulation (LES-EST) was introduced as an alternative technique to avoid side effects of LF. Rodriquez et al. have bee demonstrated that LES-EST significantly raises the LES pressure and improved GERD symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation. The advantage of this procedure is that the anatomy of the esophageal-gastric junction is not altered dramatically. Notably, patients with severely disordered esophageal peristalsis will benefit from this low-risk profile.
After successful implementation of this technique at the Medical University of Vienna (EK 1149/2014), a prospective evaluation of data with the well established gastroesophageal reflux disease - health-related quality of life is next. Patients with esophageal motility disorder, who undergo LES-EST, will be investigated towards side effects such as gas-bloating, inability to belch, flatulence and dysphagia.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ineffective Esophageal Motility and GERD | Experimental | Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) refractory to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) according to the Chicago classification v3.0. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical Stimulation of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter | Device | Laparoscopic implantation of an electrical stimulation device to perform an electrical sphincter augmentation for the treatment of GERD. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in patient's GERD-HRQL from baseline to 6 months. | GERD related quality of life (QoL) is assessed with the "gastroesophageal reflux disease - health related quality of life" (GERD-HRQL) questionnaire. QoL is measured at baseline and at six months afters surgery. At unscheduled follow up visits QoL assessment is non-compulsory. The GERD-HRQL score consists of ten questions regarding GERD-related symptoms and their influence on QoL. Total scores range from 0 to 75. Testing will be split to a questionnaire for heartburn (0-30) and a questionnaire for regurgitation (0-30), the two cardinal symptoms of GERD. Lower scores indicate better QoL. This questionnaire was designed to objectively quantify symptom severity and was described validated by Velanovich et al and since then is the most frequently used GERD specific questionnaire. | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of pH-metry from baseline to 6 months follow up | Total % of time of pH < 4 in 24 hours impedance/pH reflux monitoring (ZepHr®, Sandhill Scientific Inc., USA). | 6 months |
| Change of number of reflux events >1minute and >5 minute duration from baseline to 6 months follow up |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sebastian F Schoppmann, MD | Medical University of Vienna | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical University of Vienna | Vienna | 1090 | Austria |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26327134 | Background | Peery AF, Crockett SD, Barritt AS, Dellon ES, Eluri S, Gangarosa LM, Jensen ET, Lund JL, Pasricha S, Runge T, Schmidt M, Shaheen NJ, Sandler RS. Burden of Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Pancreatic Diseases in the United States. Gastroenterology. 2015 Dec;149(7):1731-1741.e3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.08.045. Epub 2015 Aug 29. | |
| 25274499 |
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24 hours impedance/pH reflux monitoring (ZepHr®, Sandhill Scientific Inc., USA). |
| 6 months |
| Distal Contractile Integral | High-resolution impedance manometry (InSIGHT Ultima®, Sandhill Scientific Inc., USA) | 6 months |
| Subramanian CR, Triadafilopoulos G. Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2015 Feb;3(1):41-53. doi: 10.1093/gastro/gou061. Epub 2014 Sep 30. |
| 23267868 | Background | Richter JE. Gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment: side effects and complications of fundoplication. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 May;11(5):465-71; quiz e39. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2012.12.006. Epub 2012 Dec 23. |
| 17177077 | Background | Novitsky YW, Wong J, Kercher KW, Litwin DE, Swanstrom LL, Heniford BT. Severely disordered esophageal peristalsis is not a contraindication to laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Surg Endosc. 2007 Jun;21(6):950-4. doi: 10.1007/s00464-006-9126-3. Epub 2006 Dec 20. |
| 22292889 | Background | Rodriguez L, Rodriguez P, Neto MG, Ayala JC, Saba J, Berel D, Conklin J, Soffer E. Short-term electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter increases sphincter pressure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 May;24(5):446-50, e213. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01878.x. Epub 2012 Jan 31. |
| 26487200 | Background | Rodriguez L, Rodriguez PA, Gomez B, Netto MG, Crowell MD, Soffer E. Electrical stimulation therapy of the lower esophageal sphincter is successful in treating GERD: long-term 3-year results. Surg Endosc. 2016 Jul;30(7):2666-72. doi: 10.1007/s00464-015-4539-5. Epub 2015 Oct 20. |
| 17439596 | Background | Velanovich V. The development of the GERD-HRQL symptom severity instrument. Dis Esophagus. 2007;20(2):130-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00658.x. |
| 9834409 | Background | Velanovich V. Comparison of generic (SF-36) vs. disease-specific (GERD-HRQL) quality-of-life scales for gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastrointest Surg. 1998 Mar-Apr;2(2):141-5. doi: 10.1016/s1091-255x(98)80004-8. |
| 33128080 | Derived | Paireder M, Kristo I, Asari R, Jomrich G, Steindl J, Rieder E, Schoppmann SF. Effect of electrical stimulation therapy of the lower esophageal sphincter in GERD patients with ineffective esophageal motility. Surg Endosc. 2021 Nov;35(11):6101-6107. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-08104-3. Epub 2020 Oct 30. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003680 | Deglutition Disorders |
| D005764 | Gastroesophageal Reflux |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004935 | Esophageal Diseases |
| D005767 | Gastrointestinal Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D010608 | Pharyngeal Diseases |
| D010038 | Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |
| D015154 | Esophageal Motility Disorders |
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