Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The objectives of the study will be General Objective is to investigate the effect of TOCCT with MI on gait performance in patients with stroke. Speific Objevtives.
Specific Objectives are to compare the effect of TOCCT with MI and TOCCT with education on the spatio-temporal and functional gait variables in patients with stroke, to investigate the spatio-temporal and functional gait variables in patients with stroke after receiving TOCCT with MI and to investigate the spatio-temporal and functional gait variables in patients with stroke after receiving TOCCT with education.
This study will use a sample of convenience between the ages of 18-75 years. Forty patients with stroke from the departments of physical medicine and rehabilitation, North Okkalapa General Hospital, East General Hospital and National Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar will participate in this study. The sample size was calculated using the mean value of gait speed from the previous study. Probability of type I error, apha value at 0.05 and power of 0.80 were set.
All participants will be explained about details of the study and the interventions. After that, they will be asked to sign on the written consent approving by the committee of the institution prior to participate in study. All participants will be randomly allocated the participants into the experimental (TOCCT with MI) or the control (TOCCT with health education) groups. All participants will be screened following the criteria and will be collected the demographic data.
All outcome measures will be assessed by the therapist who have been trained the outcome measures of the study. As the primary outcome measurements, spatio-temporal variables will be measured by using two dimensional motion analysis method. The protocol of this method was proved to be valid and reliability from previous pilot study. For functional gait variables, six-minute walk test will be assessed for determining walking endurance, step test will be assessed for dynamic balance, and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test will be assessed for mobility function.
As the secondary outcome measure, the strength of hip flexor, hip extensor, knee flexor, knee extensor, ankle dorsiflexor, and ankle plantarflexor muscles will be assessed by using hand-held dynamometer. Muscle spasticity will be assessed by using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The outcome measures will be assessed at the baseline, after 2 weeks and 4 weeks intervention. For the safety, the therapist will measure blood pressure, pulse rate and fatigue level in the assessments, just before the training, and rest period during the training program.
Both groups will receive the same 65 minutes structured progressive TOCCT and will receive 25 minutes of MI training for the experimental group and 25 minutes of health education for the control group. So, total training duration will be 90 minutes. Intervention program will provide 3 times a week over a period of 4 weeks.
Descriptive statistic will be used for analyze the demographic and baseline characteristics of the participants. To clarify whether the data are normally distributed, the Kolmogorov Smirnov Goodness of Fit test will be used. If data are normally distributed, two-way mixed repeated measure ANOVA will be used. If the data are not normally distributed, Friedman test will be used to compare the mean differences of the spatio-temporal measures, 6 minutes walk test, step test, TUG test, muscle strength test and muscle spasticity test. The significant level is set at p < 0.05.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | The experimental group will receive training programs of Motor imagery (MI) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration of program session will be 90 minutes. Training for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. |
|
| Control group | Active Comparator | The control group receives programs of Health education (HE) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration will be 90 minutes. They will be trained for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motor imagery | Procedure | Motor imagery (MI) will be trained for the individuals by imagination of the movement. Program of MI includes 1) body relaxation and awareness 2) visual imagery 3) kinesthetic imagery and 4) refocusing of body and environment. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of Gait Speed at 4 Weeks | Measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 4 weeks after training |
| Change of Step Length at 4 Weeks | Measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 4 weeks after training |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of Step Time at 4 Weeks | measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 4 weeks after training |
| Change of Cadence at 4 Weeks | measured by using two dimensional motion analysis |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sunee Bovonsunthonchai, PhD | Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Medical Technology | Yangon | 11012 | Burma |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27794138 | Background | Thrift AG, Thayabaranathan T, Howard G, Howard VJ, Rothwell PM, Feigin VL, Norrving B, Donnan GA, Cadilhac DA. Global stroke statistics. Int J Stroke. 2017 Jan;12(1):13-32. doi: 10.1177/1747493016676285. Epub 2016 Oct 28. | |
| 15736000 | Background | Macko RF, Ivey FM, Forrester LW. Task-oriented aerobic exercise in chronic hemiparetic stroke: training protocols and treatment effects. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2005 Winter;12(1):45-57. doi: 10.1310/PJQN-KAN9-TTVY-HYQH. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The potential participants were screened according to the selection criteria of the study. The eligible participants were explained about the details of the study and the interventions. After that, the processes of taking informed consent were done.
There was no participant who was excluded after enrollment.
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Experimental Group | The experimental group will receive training programs of Motor imagery (MI) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration of program session will be 90 minutes. Training for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Motor imagery: Motor imagery (MI) will be trained for the individuals by imagination of the movement. Program of MI includes 1) body relaxation and awareness 2) visual imagery 3) kinesthetic imagery and 4) refocusing of body and environment. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consists of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast speed. |
| FG001 | Control Group | The control group receives programs of Health education (HE) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration will be 90 minutes. They will be trained for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Health education: Topic of Health education (HE) consists of 1) Changes caused by stroke 2) Complications after stroke 3) Emotional changes after stroke 4) Living at home after stroke 5) High blood pressure and stroke and 6) Preventing recurrent stroke. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consists of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast speed. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Experimental Group | The experimental group will receive training programs of Motor imagery (MI) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration of program session will be 90 minutes. Training for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Motor imagery: Motor imagery (MI) will be trained for the individuals by imagination of the movement. Program of MI includes 1) body relaxation and awareness 2) visual imagery 3) kinesthetic imagery and 4) refocusing of body and environment. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consists of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast speed. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Change of Gait Speed at 4 Weeks | Measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 40 | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | meter per second | 4 weeks after training |
|
The adverse event data were collected for every participant over the 4 weeks duration of the training program.
Severe adverse event means falls or incidents leading to the injury requiring hospital or general practitioner visit.
Not provided
| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Control Group | The control group received programs of Health education (HE) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration will be 90 minutes. They were trained for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Health education: Topic of Health education (HE) consisted of 1) Changes caused by stroke 2) Complications after stroke 3) Emotional changes after stroke 4) Living at home after stroke 5) High blood pressure and stroke and 6) Preventing recurrent stroke. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consisted of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunee Bovonsunthonchai | Mahidol University | 024415450 | sunee.bov@mahidol.edu |
Not provided
| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot | Yes | No | No | Study Protocol | Jan 18, 2017 | Sep 5, 2020 | Prot_000.pdf |
| SAP | No | Yes | No | Statistical Analysis Plan | Jan 18, 2017 | Sep 5, 2020 | SAP_001.pdf |
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| D020233 | Gait Disorders, Neurologic |
| D006266 | Health Education |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
Parallel Assignment
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Health education | Procedure | Topic of Health education (HE) consists of 1) Changes caused by stroke 2) Complications after stroke 3) Emotional changes after stroke 4) Living at home after stroke 5) High blood pressure and stroke and 6) Preventing recurrent stroke. |
|
| Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training | Procedure | Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consists of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast speed. |
|
| 4 weeks after training |
| Change of 6-minute Walk Score at 4 Weeks | The changed score measured by using the 6-minute walk test. The higher changed scores mean a better outcome. | 4 weeks after training |
| Change of Number of Step at 4 Weeks | The changed score is measured by using the step test, The higher score means better outcome. | 4 weeks after training |
| Change of Timed Up and Go Score at 4 Weeks | The changed score is measured by using the Timed Up and Go test. The higher of changed score mean a worse outcome. | 4 weeks after training |
| Change of Muscle Strength at 4 Weeks | The change score of muscle strength is measured by the hand-held dynamometer | 4 weeks after training |
| Change of Muscle Tone at 4 Weeks | The change score is measured by using the modified Ashworth Scale for each muscle group, the minimum and maximum scores of muscle tone are 0 and 4, respectively. A higher score of tone means a worse outcome. | 4 weeks after training |
| 17008338 | Background | Yang YR, Wang RY, Lin KH, Chu MY, Chan RC. Task-oriented progressive resistance strength training improves muscle strength and functional performance in individuals with stroke. Clin Rehabil. 2006 Oct;20(10):860-70. doi: 10.1177/0269215506070701. |
| 15872152 | Background | Cicinelli P, Marconi B, Zaccagnini M, Pasqualetti P, Filippi MM, Rossini PM. Imagery-induced cortical excitability changes in stroke: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Cereb Cortex. 2006 Feb;16(2):247-53. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhi103. Epub 2005 May 4. |
| 20943715 | Background | Kim JS, Oh DW, Kim SY, Choi JD. Visual and kinesthetic locomotor imagery training integrated with auditory step rhythm for walking performance of patients with chronic stroke. Clin Rehabil. 2011 Feb;25(2):134-45. doi: 10.1177/0269215510380822. Epub 2010 Oct 13. |
| 19056272 | Background | Balasubramanian CK, Neptune RR, Kautz SA. Variability in spatiotemporal step characteristics and its relationship to walking performance post-stroke. Gait Posture. 2009 Apr;29(3):408-14. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.10.061. Epub 2008 Dec 3. |
| 24846875 | Result | Billinger SA, Arena R, Bernhardt J, Eng JJ, Franklin BA, Johnson CM, MacKay-Lyons M, Macko RF, Mead GE, Roth EJ, Shaughnessy M, Tang A; American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Clinical Cardiology. Physical activity and exercise recommendations for stroke survivors: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Aug;45(8):2532-53. doi: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000022. Epub 2014 May 20. |
| 6661021 | Result | Brandstater ME, de Bruin H, Gowland C, Clark BM. Hemiplegic gait: analysis of temporal variables. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1983 Dec;64(12):583-7. |
| 11062359 | Result | Jorgensen L, Crabtree NJ, Reeve J, Jacobsen BK. Ambulatory level and asymmetrical weight bearing after stroke affects bone loss in the upper and lower part of the femoral neck differently: bone adaptation after decreased mechanical loading. Bone. 2000 Nov;27(5):701-7. doi: 10.1016/s8756-3282(00)00374-4. |
| 22120031 | Result | Verma R, Arya KN, Garg RK, Singh T. Task-oriented circuit class training program with motor imagery for gait rehabilitation in poststroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2011 Oct;18 Suppl 1:620-32. doi: 10.1310/tsr18s01-620. |
| 28573757 | Result | English C, Hillier SL, Lynch EA. Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jun 2;6(6):CD007513. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007513.pub3. |
| 16271398 | Result | Guillot A, Collet C. Contribution from neurophysiological and psychological methods to the study of motor imagery. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005 Dec 15;50(2):387-97. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.09.004. Epub 2005 Nov 3. |
| 12731103 | Result | Malouin F, Richards CL, Jackson PL, Dumas F, Doyon J. Brain activations during motor imagery of locomotor-related tasks: a PET study. Hum Brain Mapp. 2003 May;19(1):47-62. doi: 10.1002/hbm.10103. |
| 18674992 | Result | Dunsky A, Dickstein R, Marcovitz E, Levy S, Deutsch JE. Home-based motor imagery training for gait rehabilitation of people with chronic poststroke hemiparesis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Aug;89(8):1580-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.12.039. |
| 18341687 | Result | Zimmermann-Schlatter A, Schuster C, Puhan MA, Siekierka E, Steurer J. Efficacy of motor imagery in post-stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2008 Mar 14;5:8. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-5-8. |
| 31418511 | Result | Aung N, Bovonsunthonchai S, Hiengkaew V, Tretriluxana J, Rojasavastera R, Pheung-Phrarattanatrai A. Concurrent validity and intratester reliability of the video-based system for measuring gait poststroke. Physiother Res Int. 2020 Jan;25(1):e1803. doi: 10.1002/pri.1803. Epub 2019 Aug 16. |
| 10631877 | Result | Bandinelli S, Benvenuti E, Del Lungo I, Baccini M, Benvenuti F, Di Iorio A, Ferrucci L. Measuring muscular strength of the lower limbs by hand-held dynamometer: a standard protocol. Aging (Milano). 1999 Oct;11(5):287-93. doi: 10.1007/BF03339802. |
| 16571398 | Result | Lin PY, Yang YR, Cheng SJ, Wang RY. The relation between ankle impairments and gait velocity and symmetry in people with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Apr;87(4):562-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.12.042. |
| BG001 | Control Group | The control group receives programs of Health education (HE) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration will be 90 minutes. They will be trained for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Health education: Topic of Health education (HE) consists of 1) Changes caused by stroke 2) Complications after stroke 3) Emotional changes after stroke 4) Living at home after stroke 5) High blood pressure and stroke and 6) Preventing recurrent stroke. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consists of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast speed. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| year |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized | Number | participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
| Stroke characteristics | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| OG001 | Control Group | The control group receives programs of Health education (HE) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Overall duration will be 90 minutes. They will be trained for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Health education: Topic of Health education (HE) consists of 1) Changes caused by stroke 2) Complications after stroke 3) Emotional changes after stroke 4) Living at home after stroke 5) High blood pressure and stroke and 6) Preventing recurrent stroke. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consists of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking at fast speed. |
|
|
| Primary | Change of Step Length at 4 Weeks | Measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 40 | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | centimeter | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of Step Time at 4 Weeks | measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 40 | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | second | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of Cadence at 4 Weeks | measured by using two dimensional motion analysis | 40 | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | steps per minute | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of 6-minute Walk Score at 4 Weeks | The changed score measured by using the 6-minute walk test. The higher changed scores mean a better outcome. | 40 | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | meter | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of Number of Step at 4 Weeks | The changed score is measured by using the step test, The higher score means better outcome. | 40 | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | number of steps | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of Timed Up and Go Score at 4 Weeks | The changed score is measured by using the Timed Up and Go test. The higher of changed score mean a worse outcome. | 40 | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | second | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of Muscle Strength at 4 Weeks | The change score of muscle strength is measured by the hand-held dynamometer | 40 | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | kilogram | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Change of Muscle Tone at 4 Weeks | The change score is measured by using the modified Ashworth Scale for each muscle group, the minimum and maximum scores of muscle tone are 0 and 4, respectively. A higher score of tone means a worse outcome. | 40 | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | score | 4 weeks after training |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 20 |
| 0 |
| 20 |
| 0 |
| 20 |
| EG001 | Experimental Group | The experimental group received training programs of Motor imagery (MI) for 25 minutes and Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) for 65 minutes. Training for 3 times a week over duration of 4 weeks. Motor imagery: Motor imagery (MI) was trained for the individuals by imagination of the movement. Program of MI includes 1) body relaxation and awareness 2) visual imagery 3) kinesthetic imagery and 4) refocusing of body and environment. Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training: Program of Task-Oriented Circuit Class Training (TOCCT) consisted of warm up and perform tasks 1) Stepping forward-backward onto block 2) Stepping sideway onto block 3) Heel lifts in standing to strengthen affected planter-flexor muscles 4) Standing with a decreased base and reach for object 5) Standing up from chair, walking a short distance, and returning to chair 6) Symmetrical walking and 7) Walking | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 |
Not provided
Not provided
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D000099060 | Adherence Interventions |
| D055118 | Medication Adherence |
| D010349 | Patient Compliance |
| D010342 | Patient Acceptance of Health Care |
| D000074822 | Treatment Adherence and Compliance |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| knee flexor |
|
| knee extensor |
|
| ankle dorsiflexor |
|
| ankle planterflexor |
|