This study aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of coronary infusion of autologous placental cord blood mononuclear cells during the Norwood heart operation in newborn hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) patients.

This is a Phase I, open label safety study. Autologous cord blood mononuclear cells (stem cell containing, cord blood buffy coat fraction) was delivered by coronary infusion during the Norwood cardiopulmonary bypass operation in 10 antenatally diagnosed HLHS patients within 2-3 days of birth. Safety and clinical status monitoring was performed to Stage II surgical intervention for HLHS (at approximately 3 months of age). Treated patients will continue to be assessed beyond the trial during follow up between Stage II and III (Fontan) surgical interventions.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male and females with antenatally diagnosed Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (all types requiring Norwood operation)
• Written informed consent by parents/legal guardian
• Successful aseptic collection of autologous cord blood unit and transfer of buffy coat mononucleocyte fraction to cold storage pending cardiac surgery within 2-4 days

Exclusion Criteria:

Patient:

• does not have autologous cord blood cells available at the time of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
• has evidence of arrhythmia requiring anti-arrhythmia therapy
• has an additional congenital diagnosis that contributes to conditions such as an immune system disorder, immune deficiency, complex metabolic disorder, brain dysplasia or progressive neurological degenerative disorder
• has other clinical complexity deemed by the cardiac surgeon to make the patient unsuitable for inclusion in the trial

Mother:

• is serum positive for HIV, hepatitis or other significant pathogen and has known allergies to penicillin, streptomycin or other antibiotic

IPD may be available following study publication and discussion between CIs and other researchers regarding future multicentre studies.