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Prebiotics have been linked to increased calcium absorption in animal and human studies (particularly in adolescents and in premenopausal women). Similarly, probiotics have been found to benefit calcium homeostasis in pregnant women, and to promote bio-mineralization in animal models. The effect of symbiotic on calcium absorption has been tested in rats, but not in human studies. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of daily consumption of a functional symbiotic yogurt containing inulin and Lactobacillus rhamnosus compared to a control yogurt, on calcium absorption in young adult women. A secondary objective is to relate changes in calcium absorption following yogurt consumption, with calcium metabolism, vitamin D status, bone mass, calcium intake and overall composition of habitual diet.
A potential strategy to reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life is to promote optimal bone mass during early adulthood by including in the diet functional foods that maximize the efficiency of calcium absorption. This approach is specially important in women because of their greater risk for osteoporosis than men. In this study, we hypothesized that the daily consumption of a yogurt containing inulin and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (symbiotic yogurt) increases the efficiency of calcium absorption in young adult women when compared to daily consumption of a yogurt of similar composition but without prebiotic or probiotic (control yogurt). Subjects in this study will be randomly assigned to consume daily the symbiotic yogurt or the control yogurt during two 3-week periods with a wash-out period of 3-weeks, in a cross-over design. Calcium absorption will be measured by stable calcium isotope methodology. Bone mass (BMD, BMC) will be measured by dual-Y ray absorptiometry. Serum intact parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and dietary intake will be measured by conventional methods.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| functional yogurt | Experimental | Participants are given the symbiotic yogurt daily (180 ml) |
|
| control yogurt | Experimental | Participants are given the control yogurt daily (180 ml) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| yogurt | Dietary Supplement |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in calcium absorption | Fractional calcium absorption measured with stable isotopes | Day 21 and Day 63 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Serum 25(OH) vitamin D | Serum 25 (OH) vitamin D values expressed in nmol/liter | Day 1 |
| Bone mineral content and bone mineral density | Bone mineral content and bone mineral density values expressed as Z scores. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35411924 | Derived | Cornes R, Sintes C, Pena A, Albin S, O'Brien KO, Abrams SA, Donangelo CM. Daily Intake of a Functional Synbiotic Yogurt Increases Calcium Absorption in Young Adult Women. J Nutr. 2022 Jul 6;152(7):1647-1654. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac088. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010024 | Osteoporosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001851 | Bone Diseases, Metabolic |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015014 | Yogurt |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D043302 | Cultured Milk Products |
| D008892 | Milk |
| D001628 | Beverages |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
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3 weeks on symbiotic yogurt or control yogurt, with a 3 week wash out period in between. Type of yougurt consumed first is randomized.
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Type of yogurt fed is blind for participants and investigators
| Day 1 |
| Dietary calcium intake | Values expressed in mg/d | Day 1 |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D010829 |
| Physiological Phenomena |
| D000074421 | Fermented Foods |
| D003611 | Dairy Products |
| D005502 | Food |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |