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The objective of this study is to further establish that SQUID, an alternative liquid embolic agent with specific properties, is a safe and effective alternative in bAVM endovascular treatment strategy available to date. Therefore, the performance of SQUID will be documented and its safety of use will be confirmed in current practice.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SQUID non-adhesive liquid embolic agent | Device | AVM embolization using SQUID non-adhesive liquid embolic agent |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| modified Rankin Score (mRS) | mRS is a scale used to measure the degree of handicap or dependence in daily activities of people who have suffered a stroke or other causes of neurological handicap. The scale ranges from 0 to 6, running from perfect health, without symptoms, to death. 0 - No symptoms
| 3 to 6 months after the last embolisation session |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Patient planned for one or multiple embolization sessions using SQUID to achieve occlusion of a previously untreated bAVM.*
*Patients with a direct fistula or saccular/flow-related aneurysm previously treated with NBCA and/or coils may be included.
Patient in whom the use of SQUID had been decided for an embolization alone or in association to neurosurgery or radiotherapy.
Patient ≥18 years old.
Patient or authorized representative dully informed and having no objection to the clinical data collection and medical file access. An informed consent form must be signed and dated whenever required by local legislation
Exclusion Criteria:
Patient with bAVM not eligible for endovascular treatment.
Patient with bAVM previously treated by embolization with other devices (Liquid embolic agent, NBCA, particles, and coils).*
*Patients with a direct fistula or saccular / flow-related aneurysm previously treated with NBCA and/or coils may be included.
Patient with bAVM previously treated with surgery or radiotherapy.
Patient intended to undergo surgery and embolization during the same procedure at first embolization
Patient with multiple bAVM or bAVM associated with dural arteriovenous Fistula*.
*Patients with a direct fistula or saccular / flow-related aneurysm previously treated with NBCA and/or coils may be included.
Patient presenting contra-indication to the use of SQUID according to the Instructions For Use.
Intention to treat with any non-adhesive embolic liquid other than SQUID, or planned treatment with another non-adhesive embolic liquid over the course of the endovascular treatment phase.
Patient planned for a total endovascular treatment phase duration exceeding 2 years.
Patient participating in another clinical study evaluating another medical device, another procedure or a medication.
Any condition or any situation that would prohibit the patient from coming to the investigational center for the follow-up as recommended by the study protocol between 3 and 6 months, or prohibit carrying out the telephone mRS assessments at 1 month after each embolization session and at 12 months after the end of the endovascular treatment phase.
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Consecutive patients planned for embolization using SQUID to achieve occlusion of a previously untreated bAVM.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Hospital Antwerp | Edegem | Belgium | ||||
| Odense University Hospital |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42399096 | Derived | Spelle L, Gal G, Barreau X, Houdart E, Mohlenbruch MA, Gentric JC, Papagiannaki C, Piotin M, Defreyne L, Trystram D, Bonafe A, Caroff J, Cognard C; CHOICE Investigators. SQUID embolization for cerebral AVMs: 1-year safety and efficacy results from the CHOICE prospective multicenter study. J Neurointerv Surg. 2026 Jul 3:jnis-2026-025273. doi: 10.1136/jnis-2026-025273. Online ahead of print. |
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| Odense |
| Denmark |
| CHU Bordeaux | Bordeaux | France |
| CHU Brest | Brest | France |
| Hospices Civils de Lyon | Bron | France |
| CHU Bicêtre | Le Kremlin-Bicêtre | France |
| Hôpital Central | Nancy | 54000 | France |
| Hôpital Lariboisière | Paris | 75010 | France |
| Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild | Paris | 75019 | France |
| Hôpital Maison Blanche | Reims | 51000 | France |
| CHU Rouen | Rouen | France |
| CHU de Saint-Etienne | Saint-Etienne | 42000 | France |
| CHU Toulouse | Toulouse | France |
| Zentralklinikum Augsburg | Augsburg | Germany |
| Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Knappschaftskrankenhaus | Bochum | Germany |
| Universitätsklinikum Freiburg | Freiburg im Breisgau | 79106 | Germany |
| Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg | Heidelberg | Germany |
| Klinikum Grosshadern | Munich | Germany |
| San Gerardo Monza | Monza | Italy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002538 | Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D020785 | Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations |
| D009421 | Nervous System Malformations |
| D001165 | Arteriovenous Malformations |
| D054079 | Vascular Malformations |
| D018376 | Cardiovascular Abnormalities |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D020765 | Intracranial Arterial Diseases |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
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