25 women with Premature Ovarian Failure who attended Fayoum university hospital gynecology outpatient clinic (case group) and another group of 25 women with normal ovarian function (control group).

*Pelvic laparoscopy and ovarian biopsy will be done ovarian biopsy preparation

For assessment of autoimmune oophoritis, sections were immunostained with anti-LCA (CD45) monoclonal antibody

25 women with Premature Ovarian Failure who attended Fayoum university hospital gynecology outpatient clinic (case group) and another group of 25 women with normal ovarian function (control group).Pelvic laparoscopy and ovarian biopsy To be examined histologically. All procedures were performed under general anesthesia the utero-ovarian ligament was stabilized with the round biopter introduced through the other. The round metal biopter 5 mm in diameter with an inner protective trocar.

The tip of the biopsy instrument was placed on an area of the ovary free of cysts; the hilar area was avoided because it is deficient in small follicles. After correct placement was verified, the inner protecting trocar was removed to expose the sharp leading edge of the round sheath. Gentle circular movements were made cutting through the ovarian cortex to produce a 5-mm disk of 2-3 mm in thickness. The round biopter was removed, and a grasper was introduced to recover the excised tissue.

Ovarian biopsy specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and embedded in paraffin forming tissue blocks. Two sections, 4μ thick were cut from each block. One was stained with routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain while the other was immunostained with anti-Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA).

For assessment of autoimmune oophoritis, sections were immunostained with anti-LCA (CD45) monoclonal antibody

Inclusion Criteria:

• Woman under age of 40y.

  • Infertility.
  • History of oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea for 1 year or more FSH level >20 IU/L at least 2 occasions 4-6 weeks apart (FSH level 20-40 IU/L indicates ovarian insufficiency, while level above 40 IU/L indicates complete failure).
  • History of thyroid dysfunction, postpartum thyroiditis and or thyroid surgery.
  • Symptoms or signs suggestive of thyroid dysfunction or goiter.
  • Family history of thyroid dysfunction or goiter.
  • Presence of thyroid antibodies or other antibodies.
  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
  • Prior irradiation to head and neck

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women above 40 yrs.

  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) less than 20mIU/mL
  • Women using hormonal treatement, exposed to radiation to abdomen or pelvis, chemotherapy, or ovarian surgery.