To assess the relationship between serum endostatin (ES) and Coronary artery calcification (CAC) in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients.

elevated serum endostatin levels were independently associated with increased risk, severity and progression of coronary artery calcification independent of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in T2DM subjects with known coronary artery disease. So, Measurement of serum ES levels can improve the diagnosis of coronary artery calcification and could be useful as a high sensitive marker for the presence and progression of atherosclerosis in T2DM patients.

Inclusion Criteria: - Patients were between the ages of 50 and 70 years at enrollment.

• Symptomatic or previously recognized coronary artery disease for all the study population.
• Type 2 diabetic patients with the onset of type 2 diabetes occurred at age 30 years or older with no history of ketoacidosis for group II subjects.

Exclusion Criteria:

• left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, chronic heart failure, unstable angina, Myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, valvular heart disease, coronary artery bypass surgery, and history of stent placement, liver diseases, malignancy, glomerular filtration rate index < 35 mL/min/m2, serum creatinine level above 4.5 mg/dL, body mass index >30 kg/m2 or < 15 kg/m2, pulmonary edema, stroke, acute infections, severe trauma, recent surgery, inflammatory conditions, thyrotoxicosis, pregnancy and known allergic reactions.

One hundred ten out documented CAD subjects were divided into two groups; group I (Fifty-five CAD patients without T2DM) and group II (Fifty-five CAD patients with T2DM) addmitted to Zagazig University hospital. Egypt