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In this prospective, observational study, the investigators aim to investigate the symptoms of varicose vein patients.
Chronic venous disease is very common in all over the world and affects both the mortality and morbidity depending on the effected vascular territory. It is often overlooked by healthcare professionals due to the underestimation of the prevalence and impact of the disease. It represents a spectrum of conditions varying from simple telangiectasia or reticular veins to skin fibrosis and venous ulceration. The main clinical characteristics are dilated veins, edema, leg pain, and cutaneous alterations in the legs. Varicose veins are dilating superficial veins, which become more tortuous and enlarged, continuously.
Chronic venous disease affects the life quality of patients suffering from the disease, which can be measured with quality-of-life reports. Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study-Quality of Life/Symptoms (VEINES-QoL/Sym) questionnaire is a patient based, designed for self-completion instrument to measure both the symptom severity and quality of life. VEINES-QOL measures life quality and VEINES-Sym provides an overall estimate of CVD symptom frequency. From the practitioners daily knowledge of patients with varicose veins, there is a significant proportion of varicose vein patients also suffering from symptoms such as coldness and ecchymosis. In this context, the investigators aim to investigate the symptoms of participants with varicose vein using the VEINES-Sym questionnaire.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class 0 | no visible or palpable varicose veins | ||
| Class 1 | telengiectasia ( thread veins, spider veins, broken veins) | ||
| Class 2 | varicose veins | ||
| Class 3 | edema | ||
| Class 4 | skin changes (pigmentation, eczema, lipodermatosclerosis, atrophie blanche) | ||
| Class 5 | healed venous ulcer | ||
| Class 6 | active venous ulcer |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study- Symptom score evaluation | Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study-Quality of Life/Symptoms (VEINES-QoL/Sym) questionnaire is a patient based, designed for self-completion instrument to measure both the symptom severity and quality of life. VEINES-QOL measures life quality and VEINES-Sym provides an overall estimate of CVD symptom frequency. Lower VEINES-Sym scores indicate more severe symptoms and higher VEINES-QoL/Sym scores indicate better QoL.VEINES-Sym consists of ten items including nine venous symptoms (heavy legs, aching legs, swelling, night cramps, heat/burning sensation, restless legs, throbbing, itching and tingling sensation) in five different frequencies (1=everyday, 2= several times a week, 3= about once a week, 4= less than once a week, 5= never) and leg pain rated on a six-point scale of intensity (1 = very severe, 2= severe, 3 =moderate, 4 = mild, 5 =very mild, 6= none). | baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of additional symptoms | Evaluation of additional symptoms (coldness and ecchymosis) | baseline |
| CEAP (clinical, etiological, anatomical and pathological) clinical classification | CEAP clinical classification is an physical examination based scale to measure the severity of chronic venous disease: grade 0, no visible signs of venous disease; grade 1, telangiectasias or reticular veins; grade 2, varicose veins; grade 3, edema; grade 4, skin changes due to CVD; grade 5, skin changes with healed ulceration; and grade 6, skin changes with active ulceration. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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patients admitting to cardiology and/or cardiovascular surgery outpatient clinics and do not match the exclusion criteria
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ertan Yetkin, Professor | Contact | 903243293900 | ertanyetkin@vasmolcardiol.org | |
| Selcuk Ozturk, MD | Contact | 905535376613 | selcukozturk85@hotmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mehmet Ileri, MD | Ankara City Hospital Bilkent | Study Chair |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27401694 | Result | Ozturk S, Yetkin E. Identifying symptoms in chronic venous diseases. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016 Aug;203:331. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.04.011. Epub 2016 Jun 23. No abstract available. | |
| 27142148 | Result | Yetkin E, Ileri M. Dilating venous disease: Pathophysiology and a systematic aspect to different vascular territories. Med Hypotheses. 2016 Jun;91:73-76. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.04.016. Epub 2016 Apr 11. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014648 | Varicose Veins |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D004438 | Ecchymosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D001778 | Blood Coagulation Disorders |
| D006402 | Hematologic Diseases |
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| baseline |
| 25527517 | Result | Yetkin E. Hemorrhoid, internal iliac vein reflux and peripheral varicose vein: Affecting each other or affected vessels? Phlebology. 2015 Mar;30(2):145. doi: 10.1177/0268355514565196. Epub 2014 Dec 19. No abstract available. |
| Result | Yetkin E, Öztürk S and Ileri M. Varicose Vein And Ecchymosis: A Case Report. International Archives of Medicine. 2017; 10. |
| 25700552 | Result | Yetkin E. Complexity of venous symptoms. Phlebology. 2016 Mar;31(2):147. doi: 10.1177/0268355515574152. Epub 2015 Feb 19. No abstract available. |
| 26443802 | Result | Yetkin E. Images in Vascular Medicine. A new or overlooked finding of varicose veins: Ecchymosis. Vasc Med. 2016 Feb;21(1):75-6. doi: 10.1177/1358863X15607654. Epub 2015 Oct 5. No abstract available. |
| 29660929 | Result | Yetkin E, Ileri M, Waltenberger J. Ecchymosis: A novel sign in patients with varicose veins. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2018;68(4):413-419. doi: 10.3233/CH-170320. |
| D006425 | Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases |
| D006470 | Hemorrhage |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D012877 | Skin Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |