The benefit of a drug-eluting stent (DES) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is controversial. This study will aim to observe the effect of a DES on the risk of new-onset AF in patients with AMI.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of mortality in the world. Early invasive strategy with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been demonstrated to be the most effective strategy to treat AMI. Although drug-eluting stent (DES) has not shown benefits to reduce mortality rate among AMI patients compared with bare-metal stent (BMS), the use of DES in real-world is increasing because of reduced restenosis rates. AMI patients are at higher risk to develop atrial fibrillation (AF) than general population. However, whether early PCI with DES implantation is related to a reduced risk of AF still remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of DES implantation and the risk of AF among patients with AMI treated by early PCI.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients were enrolled by primary diagnostic coding as acute myocardial infarction and treatment coding as receiving PCI between 2007 and 2013 in Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Less than 20-years-old; Unknown sex and age
2. Not residents in Taiwan
3. Died during AMI admission
4. Previous history of AF
5. Receiving coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), ventricular assist device (VAD), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and heart transplantation during observational and/or database period
6. No stent implantation during PCI
7. Unknown stent types

Within the retrospective cohort, we include patients who had received a primary diagnosis of AMI based on the discharge claim between 2007 and 2013. After the exclusion by the mentioned criteria, patients with AMI treated with PCI and stent placement are intended to be analyzed in the present study.

There is no plan to make individual participant data (IPD) available to other researchers.