Background Incidence of perioperative stroke In cardiac surgery is 2.6-5.2%. Ascending aortic atheromatous plaque and stroke are strongly associated.

Propose of study To determine incidence of ascending aortic atheroma in Thai people To identify risk factors which associated with ascending aortic atheroma

Methodology After received standard general anesthesia and start sternotomy. Epiaortic scan will be performed by surgeon use L15-7i Phillips® ultrasound probe cover with sterile cover.

Five standard epiaortic views will be collected. Epiaortic clips will be review and determine about atheroma by two qualified echocardiographers. Atheroma more than third grade will defined to significant. Potential risk factors of atheroma will be gather from medical record

To assess the relationship between risk factors and atheroma a univariate analysis was performed using an unpaired t-test and a Chi-square test.

For higher accuracy regarding the impact of single risk factors, a multiple logistic regression analysis was also performed.

Inclusion Criteria:

Age ≥ 18 years Schedule to cardiac surgery with sternotomy

Exclusion Criteria:

Abnormal ascending aortic anatomy such as: dissection, aneurysm

Age ≥ 18 years and schedule to cardiac surgery with sternotomy.