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Patients undergoing bariatric surgery often develop new vitamin and/or mineral deficiencies or exacerbate prior deficiencies after surgery. Several bariatric supplement products exist including oral tablets and transdermal patches. The purpose of this study is to observe the concentrations of serum micronutrients and determine how many deficiencies develop in patients who use a transdermal patch.
Patients will undergo either a sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass procedure. All patients enrolled will have previously chosen to use the Patch MD MultiVitamin Plus patch for vitamin and mineral supplementation versus oral or other dosage forms of vitamins after surgery. A conversation between the patient and provider will occur first during a pre operative appointment, at which time the patient will be presented with the option to use oral vitamins or the Patch MD MultiVitamin Plus patch after surgery. Only if the patient chooses the patch will he/she be made aware of the study and recruited. Pre operative blood draws will be used to determine baseline micronutrient serum concentrations and existing deficiencies. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) will be used pre operatively to determine baseline gastrointestinal symptoms. Post operative blood draws and GSRS data will be collected at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants with transdermal patches | All study subjects will belong to the same group. This group will undergo bariatric surgery and will use a transdermal patch for vitamin and mineral supplementation post operatively. The transdermal patch will be the Patch MD MultiVitamin Plus patch |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patch MD MultiVitamin Plus patch | Dietary Supplement | The transdermal patch contains vitamins A, D, E, K2, C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, calcium, iron, phosphorous, iodine, magnesium, zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, potassium, chloride, and boron. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of subjects with deficiencies | The primary end point is the percentage of participants who have two or more deficiencies of vitamins B1, B6, B12, folate, D, zinc, calcium, copper, and iron one year after bariatric surgery after using the Patch MD™ MultiVitamin Plus transdermal patch for supplementation. | 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Thiamine | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Pyridoxine | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Adult patients undergoing bariatric surgery for weight loss who have chosen to use a transdermal patch for vitamin and mineral supplementation will be recruited to complete the study. All eligible patients within the institution will be recruited.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jeffrey E Friedman, MD | University of Florida | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Florida | Gainesville | Florida | 32611 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001361 | Avitaminosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003677 | Deficiency Diseases |
| D044342 | Malnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057968 | Transdermal Patch |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
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| 1 year |
| Methylcobalamin | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Vitamin D | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Folate | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Zinc | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Calcium | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Copper | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Iron | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Ferritin | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Parathyroid hormone | The average decrease in the serum concentration among all subjects | 1 year |
| Total iron binding capacity | The average decrease among all subjects | 1 year |
| Constipation syndrome | The average increase among all subjects using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. For constipation syndrome, three symptoms (constipation, hard stools, feeling of incomplete evacuation) will each be measured on a seven point Likert scale (0=no symptom, 6=most severe symptom). The three values will be averaged to provide one value which will represent constipation syndrome. | 1 year |
| Diarrhea syndrome | The average increase among all subjects using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. For diarrhea syndrome, three symptoms (diarrhea, loose stools, urgent need for defecation) will each be measured on a seven point Likert scale (0=no symptom, 6=most severe symptom). The three values will be averaged to provide one value which will represent diarrhea syndrome. | 1 year |
| Indigestion syndrome | The average increase among all subjects using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. For indigestion syndrome, five symptoms (nausea, stomach rumbling, feeling bloated, burping, and passing gas) will each be measured on a seven point Likert scale (0=no symptom, 6=most severe symptom). The five values will be averaged to provide one value which will represent indigestion syndrome. | 1 year |
| Acid reflux syndrome | The average increase among all subjects using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. For acid reflux syndrome, two symptoms (heart burn and acid reflux) will each be measured on a seven point Likert scale (0=no symptom, 6=most severe symptom). The two values will be averaged to provide one value which will represent acid reflux syndrome. | 1 year |
| Abdominal pain syndrome | The average increase among all subjects using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. For abdominal pain syndrome, two symptoms (stomach ache and hunger pains) will each be measured on a seven point Likert scale (0=no symptom, 6=most severe symptom). The two values will be averaged to provide one value which will represent abdominal pain syndrome. | 1 year |