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This study evaluates the effect of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) and transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relieving in patients with liver cancer. Patients will randomly allocated into PENS group, Tens group and control group.
PENS and TENS have been reported with analgesic effect in patients with pain, including cancer pain, lower back pain, neck pain, stomachache and so on. Effect and mechanism of PENS on pain relieving has been widely researched. With additional electrical stimulation in certain frequency and intensity to conventional acupuncture, pain controlling effect has been largely enhanced. However, invasive operation limits its application and acceptability, especially on pancreatic cancer. TENS is an advanced technique generated from PENS, which is much more welcome for its noninvasive character. Further more, its analgesic effect on cancer pain has been proved by several multi-central, randomized, clinical trials.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| percutaneous stimulation | Experimental | PENS in 2/100 hertz (HZ), 30 min for each time, twice a day, for 3 days. With conventional analgesic medication if necessary. |
|
| transcutaneous stimulation | Experimental | TENS in 2/100 HZ, 30 min for each time, twice a day, for 3 days. With conventional analgesic medication if necessary. |
|
| Control | No Intervention | Conventional analgesic medication is offered. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PENS | Device | percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| pain score | pain score assessed via visual analogue scale (VAS) | day0 to day6 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| quantity of analgesic medication | decreasing in quantity of analgesic medication | day0 to Day6 |
| times of breakthrough pain (BTP) | times of BTP per day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| complications | any correlated complications happen during procedure | day1 to day3 |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lizhi Niu, Dr. | Fuda Cancer Hospital | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuda Cancer Hospital | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510665 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22419313 | Background | Hurlow A, Bennett MI, Robb KA, Johnson MI, Simpson KH, Oxberry SG. Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) for cancer pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Mar 14;2012(3):CD006276. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006276.pub3. | |
| 26121600 | Background | Peng L, Min S, Zejun Z, Wei K, Bennett MI. Spinal cord stimulation for cancer-related pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jun 29;2015(6):CD009389. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009389.pub3. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D000072716 | Cancer Pain |
| D008113 | Liver Neoplasms |
| D006528 | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D004067 | Digestive System Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004561 | Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004599 | Electric Stimulation Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
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patients with liver cancer pain.
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Participant is allocated randomly by staff A, and grouping situation is concealed; Technician (stuff B) or chargeing docotor operates PENS or TENS, or administers oral analgesic medication; Related datas are collected according to perdetermined forms by stuff C; Outcomes are assessed by stuff D.
| TENS |
| Device |
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
|
| day0 to day6 |
| 24280575 | Background | Chen H, Liu TY, Kuai L, Zhu J, Wu CJ, Liu LM. Electroacupuncture treatment for pancreatic cancer pain: a randomized controlled trial. Pancreatology. 2013 Nov-Dec;13(6):594-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.10.007. Epub 2013 Oct 23. |
| 26468973 | Background | Paley CA, Johnson MI, Tashani OA, Bagnall AM. Acupuncture for cancer pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Oct 15;2015(10):CD007753. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007753.pub3. |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D000230 | Adenocarcinoma |
| D002277 | Carcinoma |
| D009375 | Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial |
| D009370 | Neoplasms by Histologic Type |
| D000698 |
| Analgesia |
| D000760 | Anesthesia and Analgesia |