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The study's aim is to determine whether a short video aiming to optimize expectations regarding the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) ist able to improve the actual effectiveness of PMR in comparison with a neutral (no video) control group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group 1 (personal expert) | Experimental | Participants watch a video of an expert describing the positive effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) with personalized examples and stories before undergoing a PMR session. |
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| Experimental group 2 (factual expert) | Experimental | Participants watch a video of an expert describing the positive effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) with factual information (not personal) before undergoing a PMR session. |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | Participants read a neutral text before undergoing a Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) session. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) | Behavioral | All groups undergo a PMR session, but they differ regarding the treatment before the PMR session. Two groups watch a video before undergoing PMR, the control group reads a text before undergoing PMR. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a technique for learning to monitor and control the state of muscular tension. It was developed by American physician Edmund Jacobson in the early 1920s. The technique involves learning to monitor tension in each specific muscle group in the body by deliberately inducing tension in each group. This tension is then released, with attention paid to the contrast between tension and relaxation. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in perceived/subjective relaxation | Participants are asked to rate how relaxed they feel at the moment at two time points (baseline and after the PMR intervention) on a questionnaire (VAS: item ranges from 0 (not relaxed at all) - 100 (very relaxed). Change scores are calculated (post- minus pre-scores). | Change from pre (baseline) to post scores (30 minutes later) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in perceived stress | Participants are asked to rate how stressed they feel at the moment at two time points (baseline and after the PMR intervention) on a questionnaire (VAS: item ranges from 0 (not stressed at all) - 100 (very stressed). Change scores are calculated (post- minus pre-scores). | Change from pre (baseline) to post scores (30 minutes later) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Winfried Rief, Professor | Philipps Universität Marburg | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Psychology, Philipps University Marburg | Marburg | Hesse | 35032 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35043534 | Derived | Salzmann S, Wilhelm M, Schindler S, Rief W, Euteneuer F. Optimising the efficacy of a stress-reducing psychological intervention using placebo mechanisms: A randomized controlled trial. Stress Health. 2022 Oct;38(4):722-735. doi: 10.1002/smi.3128. Epub 2022 Jan 24. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001326 | Autogenic Training |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006990 | Hypnosis |
| D026441 | Mind-Body Therapies |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| Change in physiological relaxation | Electromyography is used to assess participants' physiological relaxation status at baseline and after the PMR intervention. Change scores are calculated (post- minus pre-scores). | Change from pre (baseline) to post scores (30 minutes later) |
| D011613 |
| Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |