This study evaluates the antithrombotic therapy in patients suffering from atrial fibrillation after stent implantation in Germany. Patients prescribed with the novel oral anticoagulant Rivaroxaban will be followed up over 14 months for their adherence to the medication schedule and for complications that occurred after index PCI.

Patients suffering from non-valvular atrial fibrillation and presenting with an acute coronary syndrome require special attention with regard to antithrombotic therapy. Current guidelines recommend use of oral anticoagulation for almost all of these patients, the optimal antithrombotic strategy, however, has still to be defined. As with the use of any antithrombotic drug, clinicians need to balance the risks of ischemic stroke and thromboembolism, recurrent cardiac ischemia and/or stent thrombosis, and bleeding and haemorrhagic stroke.

A recently published randomized clinical trial (PIONEER AF) compared the combination of a novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC; Rivaroxaban) plus dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) with standard therapy consisting of vitamine K inhibitor plus DAPT. Patients treated with Rivaroxaban showed less incidence of bleedings, whereas ischemic complications, death or stroke were equal in the groups compared.

The RIVA-PCI Registry aims at providing an overview of the current antithrombotic treatment regimen in Germany in real life. Moreover, for patients receiving Rivaroxaban as part of their medication follow-up data with regard to their adherence to antithrombotic medication as well as complications over an interval of 14 months after index procedure will be evaluated.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥18 years and capable of giving written informed consent
• Known or newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation
• PCI with stent implantation during index hospital stay
• Written informed consent for participation in observational study (incl. telephone follow-up)
• Not simultaneously participating in any randomized trial

Exclusion Criteria:

• None

Consecutive, unselected recruitment of patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria.

An intermediate report summarizing the baseline data will be provided to Bayer (financial support).

A final report summarizing baseline and follow-up data will be provided to ethical committees in Germany, to governmental authority, and to Bayer.

Participating clinics will receive benchmarking reports (comparison of their own data with those of all other sites).

Data will be made accessible to participating investigators for publication in journals and on conferences.