Bone quality is one of the major factors influencing the dental implant survival rate. Bone quality is believed to have effects on initial implant stability and success of osseointegration. Different implant designs and surgical protocols were developed for improving the survival rate in different bone quality. Although bone quality can be partly diagnosed by radiographic images, lots of experienced surgeons also evaluate bone quality with tactile sensation when they drill the bone. However, variations in evaluation of bone density maybe exist among different surgeons. For less experienced dentists, it is difficult to diagnose bone quality with tactile sensation in the beginning. This purpose of this study is to evaluate a training protocol in using tactile sensation to classify bone quality during implant surgery. Saw bones of variant densities are used as training materials. The outcomes before and after training will be compared. The effect of training frequency before surgery will also be evaluated.

Twenty-five dentists will be enrolled into the study. Tests will be performed using visual analog scale to score bone quality of test blocks.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Certified dentist with implant surgery experience less than 10 implants.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age exceed the limits
• Implant surgery experience more or equal to 10 implants

Dentists in Taiwan