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Inhalants, which are neurotoxic central nervous system (CNS) suppressants, are frequently abused by young adults. Unlike other CNS depressants, including alcohol and opiates, no treatment is currently approved for inhalants dependence. In this report, a novel approach of substitution treatment for inhalants addiction was explored in a double-blinded, randomized, controlled crossover design to examine the effects of inhalation of essential oil (EO) and perfume (PF) on the reduction of cue-induced craving for inhalants in a cohort of thirty-four Thai males with inhalants dependence. The craving response was measured by the modified version of Penn Alcohol Craving Score for Inhalants (PACS-inhalants)
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Essential oil | Experimental | Essential oil is prepared from the product of Thailada with manufacture standard ID 1087/2548 by Thailand Ministry of Industry. Essential oil is extracted by a cold compressed method from the lavandula angustifolia (lavender) grown in Australia. |
|
| Perfume | Sham Comparator | Perfume is the synthetic perfume of lavender flavor without essential oil. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Essential oil | Combination Product | To inhale the essential oil in an air-conditioned room, the container was flipped over to soak the roll-on cap that was then rolled-on circularly at the right mid-palm of the subject at 2 centimeter in diameter for 5 cycles. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Inhalants craving - PACS | Inhalants craving was measured by the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale for Inhalants (PACS-inhalants) | Daily for 3 days |
| Inhalants craving - VAS | Inhalants craving was measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). | Daily for 3 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Rasmon Kalayasiri, M.D. | Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Princess Mother National Institute on Drug Abuse Treatment | Pathum Thani | Thailand |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009822 | Oils, Volatile |
| D010476 | Perfume |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009821 | Oils |
| D008055 | Lipids |
| D003358 | Cosmetics |
| D020313 | Specialty Uses of Chemicals |
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The containers for essential oil and perfume are identical dark-glass tubes with a roll-on-cap on top and double-covered with a plain cap on each tube.
| Perfume | Combination Product | To inhale the perfume in an air-conditioned room, the container was flipped over to soak the roll-on cap that was then rolled-on circularly at the right mid-palm of the subject at 2 centimeter in diameter for 5 cycles. |
|
| Cue-induced inhalants craving | Behavioral | Exposing individuals with a set of 12 pictures for one-minute (e.g., 5 second display per picture) every five minutes for three sets in total followed by another three sets of neutral/relaxing pictures of nature. |
|
| D020164 |
| Chemical Actions and Uses |