Implementation of Smoking Cessation Within NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) Sites

Implementation Of Smoking Cessation Services Within NCI NCORP Community Sites With Organized Lung Cancer Screening Programs

Evaluate a multi-faceted training program to improve short-term smoking cessation rates (<14 days post-visit) and short (3 months) and sustained abstinence (6 months) among 1,114 enrolled smokers who present for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening in 26 community-based practices.

We utilize an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, employing a cluster, randomized control trial of community-based NCORP sites to study the effectiveness of a multi-faceted intervention to improve smoking cessation among lung cancer screening patients, as well as dissemination and implementation (D&I) science to optimize and accelerate translation of findings into clinical practice. We will: (1) Evaluate a multi-faceted training program to improve short-term smoking cessation rates (1-week post-visit) and sustained abstinence (6 months) among 1,114 enrolled smokers (557 in each trial arm) who present for LDCT lung cancer screening in community-based lung cancer screening practices; (2) Characterize the adoption and adaptation of the evidence-based tobacco cessation strategies in 26 community-based LDCT lung cancer screening programs; and (3) Develop and evaluate an implementation toolkit for integrating evidence-based tobacco cessation strategies in community-based LDCT lung cancer screening programs. Qualitative data will be collected from key informants at participating screening programs during and after intervention implementation. Quantitative survey data (baseline, <14 days, 3 months, and 6 months) and saliva specimens (6 months only) will be collected from smoking patients receiving screening within these programs.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Agrees to have NCORP research personnel serve as the study liaison and another person to serve as the cessation program champion.
• Agrees to participate in all aspects of the intervention, randomization, and evaluation.
• Agrees to participate in a confidential 1-on-1 semi-structured interview with the research team.
• Agrees to have the interview taped, transcribed and qualitatively analyzed.
• Age ≥18 years
• Potential participants will be screened using the following question: "Do you smoke cigarettes every day, some days, or not at all?" (BRFSS). A current smoker is anyone responds "every day" or "some days".

Exclusion Criteria:

• Current use (previous 30 days) of a tobacco dependence treatment including bupropion, varenicline, and nicotine replacement
• Individuals who use e-cigarettes and who are not smoking cigarettes. Dual users (those who use both e-cigarettes and cigarettes) will still be included in the trial.
• The presence of a physical or cognitive impairment that would prevent a person from engaging in survey research (such as blindness, deafness, or dementia).
• Individual has already completed the intended LDCT lung cancer screening for this study.
• Non-English speaking participants.