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This randomised controlled trial aims to investigate a resistance training program for improving glycemic control, muscle mass, strength and functional performance in older patients with Type II Diabetes (T2 DM).
60 subjects will be randomly allocated to either a muscle strengthening group or a no exercise control group.
Muscle strengthening group will receive resistance training 3 times per week (1 hour/session).
The control group will not receive any training but can continue usual medical care and daily activities.
Primary outcomes: glycemic control and lipid profile Secondary outcomes: muscle mass and strength, and functional capacity Data will be collected at baseline (pre-test) and after a 4-month intervention (post-test).
This study aims to investigate a resistance training program for improving glycemic control, muscle mass, strength and functional performance in older patients with Type II Diabetes (T2 DM).
This is a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. 60 subjects will be randomly allocated to either a muscle strengthening group or a no exercise control group.
Information on demographic characteristics, body composition, muscle strength, functional capacity and glycemic control will be collected at baseline (pre-test) and after a 4-month intervention (post-test). Muscle strengthening group will receive resistance training 3 times per week (1 hour/session).
The control group will not receive any training but can continue usual medical care and daily activities.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle strengthening group | Experimental | Participants will be required to perform muscle strengthening exercises 3 hours per week. Close kinetic chain exercises will be performed progressively according to the ACSM guidelines over the 4-month intervention period. The exercise intervention will be conducted by an experienced sports trainer. |
|
| Control group | No Intervention | No exercise training. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle Strengthening exercises | Behavioral | Participants will be required to participate in resistance training 3 hours per week. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose level | 4 months | |
| Lipid profiles | HDL, LDL, Trig | 4 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle strength | Whole body | 4 months |
| Muscle mass | Whole body | 4 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siu Ming Fong, PhD | Contact | 28315260 | smfong@hku.hk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Siu Ming Fong, PhD | The University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21705072 | Background | Nolan CJ, Damm P, Prentki M. Type 2 diabetes across generations: from pathophysiology to prevention and management. Lancet. 2011 Jul 9;378(9786):169-81. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60614-4. Epub 2011 Jun 24. | |
| 23537893 | Background | Leenders M, Verdijk LB, van der Hoeven L, Adam JJ, van Kranenburg J, Nilwik R, van Loon LJ. Patients with type 2 diabetes show a greater decline in muscle mass, muscle strength, and functional capacity with aging. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013 Aug;14(8):585-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Mar 26. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
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The outcome assessor will not know the intervention of each subjects
| Functional performance |
Walking ability |
| 4 months |
| 24420336 | Background | Shishikura K, Tanimoto K, Sakai S, Tanimoto Y, Terasaki J, Hanafusa T. Association between skeletal muscle mass and insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr J. 2014;61(3):281-7. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.ej13-0375. Epub 2014 Jan 10. |
| 12351469 | Background | Dunstan DW, Daly RM, Owen N, Jolley D, De Courten M, Shaw J, Zimmet P. High-intensity resistance training improves glycemic control in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002 Oct;25(10):1729-36. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.10.1729. |
| 12017678 | Background | American Diabetes Association. Diabetes mellitus and exercise. Diabetes Care. 2000 Jan;23 Suppl 1:S50-4. No abstract available. |
| 10912903 | Background | Albright A, Franz M, Hornsby G, Kriska A, Marrero D, Ullrich I, Verity LS. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jul;32(7):1345-60. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200007000-00024. |
| 20093961 | Background | Black LE, Swan PD, Alvar BA. Effects of intensity and volume on insulin sensitivity during acute bouts of resistance training. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Apr;24(4):1109-16. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cbab6d. |
| 12905089 | Background | Baldi JC, Snowling N. Resistance training improves glycaemic control in obese type 2 diabetic men. Int J Sports Med. 2003 Aug;24(6):419-23. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-41173. |