| Primary | Post-operative Pain Intensity | Postoperative pain scores evaluated by numeric rating scale or (NRS) where 0- no pain and 10- worst pain, at rest and at movement | | Posted | | Mean | Full Range | score on a scale | | NRS scores will be evaluated every 4 hours until 24 hours post-operatively, every 8 hours until 48 hours post-operatively, and every 12 hours for 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| | | Title | Denominators | Categories |
|---|
| 4hrs. at rest | | | Title | Measurements |
|---|
| - OG0004.7482(0 to 10)
- OG0015.03(0 to 10)
|
| | 4hrs. with movement | | |
| |
| Primary | Total Narcotic Consumption | All narcotics administered in the first 0-8, 8-24, 24-48, and 48-72 hours and the total narcotics administered in the 0-72 hours postoperative period(PCA narcotics, nurse-administered IV narcotics, and oral narcotics). All narcotics will be converted to total IV morphine equivalent for comparison between two groups. | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | oral morphine equivalents in mg | | 0-72 hours post-operative period | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Time to Extubation | The time it takes until the patient is extubated post-operatively will be measured | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | hours | | From the end of surgery until the patient is extubated up to 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Patient Time to Mobilization | The time it takes until patient ambulates will be measured | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | hours | | From time of end of surgery to time of mobilization up to 72 hours or discharge, *assessed up to 120 hours* | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Patient Time to Out of Bed to Chair | The time it takes until the patient advances from bedrest to out of bed (OOB) to chair will be measured | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | hours | | From time of end of surgery to time of mobilization up to 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Patient Time to Oral Intake | The time it takes until the patient is able to/medically cleared to consume food or liquid will be measured | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | hours | | From time of end of surgery to time of oral intake up to 72 hours post-operatively or until hospital discharge | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Non-invasive Ventilation (NIV) Requirement | Episodes of NIV such as upper airway masks or similar devices will be quantified | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From time of end of surgery to 72 hours post-operatively or until hospital discharge | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Re-intubation | Instances of re-intubation will be recorded | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From time of end of surgery to patient discharge up to one week | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Use of Incentive Spirometry | Frequency of incentive spirometry will be measured | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From time of end of surgery to 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting | Whether a patient experiences at least one episode of nausea and emesis will be measured | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From time of end of surgery to 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Major Organ Dysfunction | Organ systems such as cardiac, renal, respiratory, and nervous system failure/dysfunction in accordance with the Society of Thoracic Surgeon's database will be noted | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From date of surgery assessed up to 30 day post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Length of Hospital and ICU Stay | Length of both hospital and ICU stay will be measured | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | days | | From date of surgery assessed up to 30 day post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Hospital Readmission | Readmission to hospital will be noted | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From end of surgery assessed up to 30 days post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Secondary | Mortality | Mortality will be noted at specific timepoints | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | From end of surgery assessed up to 30 days post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Other Pre-specified | Delirium | Patients will be assessed for delirium using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | Assessment will be administered at 48 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Other Pre-specified | Delirium | Patients will be assessed for delirium using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | Assessment will be administered at 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Other Pre-specified | Patient Satisfaction | Patient will give an assessment regarding pain management on a scale of 0 - 10 with 0 indicating the lowest satisfaction with pain management and 10 indicating the highest satisfaction with pain management | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | score on a scale | | Given at the time of discharge up to 30 days post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Other Pre-specified | Chronic Pain Assessment | Subjects will be asked the two following questions: "Are you currently experiencing pain?" as well as "Are you experiencing moderate to severe pain?" with moderate to severe indicated as a pain score of 4-10 on 0 to 10 scale, with 0 being no pain at all and 10 being the worst pain imaginable. | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | 6 months after surgery | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Other Pre-specified | Chronic Pain Assessment | Subjects will be asked the two following questions: "Are you currently experiencing pain?" as well as "Are you experiencing moderate to severe pain?" with moderate to severe indicated as a pain score of 4-10 on 0 to 10 scale, with 0 being no pain at all and 10 being the worst pain imaginable. | | Posted | | Count of Participants | | Participants | | 12 months after surgery | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |
| Other Pre-specified | Serum Cortisol Levels | Stress response suppression as a result of treatment will be evaluated by comparing hormone levels between the groups. Serum cortisol levels will be taken to measure this. | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | µg/dL | | Measured 8, 48, and 72 hours post-operatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Exparel Injectable Product | Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel) Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) group (~30). Exparel Injectable Product: Liposomal bupivacaine 20 cc (226 mg) + Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% 40 cc (100 mg) + made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) | | OG001 | Bupivacaine Hydrochloride | Bupivacaine Injection administered approximately 20 cc per inch of sternotomy wound. Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the bupivacaine group (~30). Bupivacaine Hydrochloride: Bupivacaine 0.25% 2 mg/kg not to exceed 150 mg - made up to made up to calculated volume with normal saline solution based on the length of the incision and number of chest tubes (20 cc per tube + 20cc per inch of incision) |
| |