Smoking Prevalence at a University Hospital

Study of Smoking Prevalence at the "Hospices Civils de Lyon"

• Tobacco is the leading risk factor for avoidable mortality in France and around the world. It is also the second cause of life with disability in the world and the leading preventable risk factor for cancer in France and worldwide.
• The "Health Barometer" studies carried out for 25 years in France by Santé-Publique France assessed prevalence of smoking in the lay population. These studies showed that smoking prevalence has stabilized among 15-75 year olds (34.1% of current smokers) with a slight decrease in regular smoking (from 29.1% in 2010 to 28.2% in 2014).
• Data on the prevalence of smoking among hospital staff are contradictory. Some studies find a higher prevalence of active smoking than the general population; others have a lower prevalence. However, it appears that an active prevention policy with hospital staff can significantly and rapidly reduce the prevalence of active smoking.
• The prevalence of active smoking in patients is logically higher than in the general population (at comparable age).
• The data on the prevalence of smoking among medical students are also contradictory. Yet, this population is a special interest group given their future investment in patient care.
• Cannabis use also appears to be an independent risk factor for respiratory diseases and broncho-pulmonary cancers. Cannabis use among health students is not uncommon (11.5% of students). To our knowledge, the measurement of the prevalence of Cannabis use in an all-patient population of a hospital-university facility has never been achieved.
• According to the health barometer 2014, about a quarter of 15-75 year olds have already tried electronic cigarettes and 6% are regular current users. Although the toxicity of the electronic cigarette and its interest in weaning remain controversial, its use to patients, staff or patients has been reported very little.

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of collective and individual tobacco control measures by measuring the prevalence of smoking on a given day at the "Hospices Civils de Lyon", among patients, staff and students present on a given day.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Patients group: Any person, over 18 years of age, hospitalized in one of the establishments of the Hospices Civils de Lyon, whatever the reason and the duration.

- Hospital staff group: Anyone, whatever age and trade, paid directly by the Hospices Civils de Lyon on the day of the survey, regardless of the duration of the employment contract, and present on one of the sites of the Hospices Civils de Lyon the day of the investigation.

- Students group: Everyone who is regularly enrolled in one of the schools or institutes of the Hospices Civils de Lyon or in one of the two faculties of medicine of the Université Lyon I, in any initial training and present on one of the sites of the faculties the day of the investigation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients group:

  • Refusal to participate
  • Refusal of parents or legal representative for minors or adults of full age.
  • Child under the age of 18 at the time of the survey.
  • Individual who do not speak, understand or read the French language.
  • Non-hospitalized individuals (including external consultants).
  • Patient whose clinical status is not compatible with the administration of the questionnaire (eg, disorders of consciousness, severe cognitive impairment, severe speech disturbances, extreme asthenia) as judged by the service health framework and / or the medical team of the service.
  • Individual currently incarcerated.

• Hospital staff group:

  • Refusal to participate.
  • Temporary staff (not paid directly by the Hospices Civils de Lyon on the day of the survey).
  • Students present on the day of the survey, and in particular: hospital students, nursing students and nursing assistants.

• Students group:

  • Refusal to participate
  • Professional present in the school / institute / faculty as part of continuing education.