The purpose of this study is to determine if islet cell transplantation , is an effective treatment for type 1 diabetes. Study participants may receive up to three islet transplants and will be followed for five years to monitor blood sugar control, islet transplant function, and changes in quality of life.

Inclusion Criteria:

Clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes 18 <Age <70 years Evolution of diabetes for more than 5 years Regular patient follow-up (> or equal to 2 visits per year from the same diabetologist) ABO compatibility with the donor Cross match negative Anti-HLA antibodies (class I and / or class II) detected by lymphocytotoxicity <20% Accepting patients effective contraception during the study period

Exclusion Criteria:

Clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes BMI > 28 Need insulin < 28 U per day Pregnancy, lactation Psychiatric Disorders Inability to communicate or cooperate with the investigator Lack of therapeutic compliance, including HbA1C > 12% Chronic liver disease Proliferative retinopathy unstabilized History of cancer, whatever the date, except for basal or squamous cell skin cancers over 1 year.

Systemic infection Chronic high risk of requiring corticosteroids Need for long-term corticosteroid, outside that specified in renal transplantation, the patients will be weaned before transplantation Anticoagulant vitamin K or antiplatelet treatments Platelets < 100 giga/L and/or neutrophils <1.5 giga/L Chronic intoxication by alcohol, tobacco, or other substance (abstinence > 6 months required) Active infection by hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV, HTLV-1-HTLV2 Ascites

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