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Advances in smart phone-based photography (both quality and image transmission) offer the potential to greatly improve access to pediatric dermatologists. However, the accuracy of diagnoses reliant on parent-provided photographs has been neither measured nor compared to diagnoses based on in-person examinations. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the concordance between diagnoses based on photographs taken by parents (or legal guardians) and those based on in-person examinations. A secondary aim was to assess the effect of photography instructions on improving this concordance.
Each patient/parent dyad will be randomized into one of two approximately equally sized groups; half of the subjects will be provided with an instruction sheet on how best to take photographs of skin conditions with their mobile devices (study group) and half will not be provided this instruction sheet (control group). Photographs will be evaluated for image quality and to provide a diagnosis (See attached forms including Photograph Quality Rating Scale).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study Arm | Experimental | Patient-Parent Dyad receiving photography instructions prior to taking photographs of skin conditions |
|
| Control Arm | No Intervention | Patient-Parent Dyad not receiving photography instructions prior to taking photographs of skin conditions |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instructions on taking photographs provided, see methods | Behavioral | Parent-patient dyads were provided with written 3-step instructions on how best to take a photograph of skin conditions using a smart phone |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The effect of photography instructions on average image quality, as evaluated using a photograph quality rating scale (PQRS) | The PQRS quantifies photograph quality based on five criteria: clarity, perspective, darkness, brightness, and color. Each criterion is rated on an integer scale from 0 to 2, yielding a total score ranging from 0 (lowest quality) to 10 (highest quality). | 1 hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Concordance between photograph-based versus in-person-based diagnosis, as quantified using Cohen's kappa. | Cohen's kappa is a measure of inter-rater agreement that takes into account the possibility of agreement occurring by chance. | 1 hour |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Patrick McMahon, MD | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19104 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29141082 | Derived | O'Connor DM, Jew OS, Perman MJ, Castelo-Soccio LA, Winston FK, McMahon PJ. Diagnostic Accuracy of Pediatric Teledermatology Using Parent-Submitted Photographs: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Dermatol. 2017 Dec 1;153(12):1243-1248. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.4280. |
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Patient/parent dyads visiting a pediatric dermatology clinic were invited to participate. After consent, patient/parent dyads were randomly assigned to photography instruction versus no instruction. In both arms, parents photographed their child's skin condition (via smart phone) and provided medical history. Images were uploaded securely to the child's electronic health record for independent diagnosis by a dermatologist not involved in the patient's care.
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Dermatologist providing remote diagnosis was blinded to whether parents were provided instructions, which phone they took and the diagnosis provided by the in-person dermatologist