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ZnPP is being build in the case of a functional iron deficiency. Zinc instead of iron is implemented into protoporphyrin IX. This ZincProtoporphyrin (ZnPP) can be detected non invasively. Non invasive and invasive optical measurement of ZnPP will be compared. Additionally ZnPP measurements will be compared to other iron deficiency parameters for validation by the investigators.
Zinc-protoporphyrin (ZnPP) will be measured by a fluorescence technique. Restricted wave light (407/425 nm) is used to detect ZnPP in the bloodstream non-invasively through the oral mucosa. The spectroscopic measurements are translated into a ZnPP value (mumol/mol heme).
The non-invasive measurement of ZnPP is validated and compared to optical measurement of ZnPP in whole blood and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurement of ZnPP in whole blood.
The ZnPP value is compared to other iron-deficiency parameters: Ferritin, Transferrin saturation and soluble Transferrin receptor.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Preoperative patients | Patients present themselves before an operation to the Anesthesiologist. They are screened for study eligibility. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-invasive measurement of ZincProtoporphyrin IX | Diagnostic Test | Within 30 seconds, a measurement is performed on the lip of a patient to determine a ZincProtoporphyrin value |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Validation of the non-invasive ZincProtoporphyrinIX measurement | The value is compared to optical measurement of ZincProtoporphyrin in whole blood; in addition the value is compared to HPLC measurement in whole blood | Baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comparison of the ZincProtoporyphyrinIX value to other iron-deficiency parameters | The value is compared to Ferritin, Transferrin saturation and soluble transferrin receptor | Baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients prior to a surgery, seen in the Anesthetic clinic for evaluation
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Philipp Stein, MD | Institute of Anesthesiology, University and University Hospital Zurich | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Hospital Zurich | Zurich | 8091 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26883939 | Background | Hennig G, Homann C, Teksan I, Hasbargen U, Hasmuller S, Holdt LM, Khaled N, Sroka R, Stauch T, Stepp H, Vogeser M, Brittenham GM. Non-invasive detection of iron deficiency by fluorescence measurement of erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin in the lip. Nat Commun. 2016 Feb 17;7:10776. doi: 10.1038/ncomms10776. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D018798 | Anemia, Iron-Deficiency |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000747 | Anemia, Hypochromic |
| D000740 | Anemia |
| D006402 | Hematologic Diseases |
| D006425 | Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases |
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| D000090463 |
| Iron Deficiencies |
| D019189 | Iron Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |